Reflexes present in normal development of infants

babinski

toe extension and fanning

flexor withdrawal

noxious stimulus to sole of foot → toe extension, DF, LE flexion

crossed extension

noxious stimulus to sole of foot → flexion of stimulated leg and extension with adduction of opposite leg

• contributes to walking

traction

pulling forearm (stretch stimulus) → UE flexion with head lag

grasp

P to palm of hand or foot (palmar surface) → flexion of fingers or toes, respectively

primary support

WB through balls of feet; extensor tone through LE and trunk

• have pt stand and lean against a therapy ball on table to decrease mass extensor response (promote trunk flexion)

asymmetrical tonic neck

rotation of head produces flexion of UE on skull side and extension of UE on jaw side (think boom boom fire power motion)

symmetrical tonic neck

• flex head: flex BUEs, extend BLES

• extend head: extend BUEs, flex BLES

• associated reactions: strong voluntary contraction in one body segment produces involuntary movement in another resting extremity