Human Anatomy Weekly Quiz 7

Cranial Nerves, Brain, Eye, Ear

What glial cell converts plasma to cerebrospinal fluid?

ependymal cell

What are the fine divisions that an axon branches into when it approaches its target cell?

axon telodendria

What gland of the diencephalon produces one hormone?

pineal gland

What is the most inferior/posterior region of the brain?

cerebellum

What does the left sigmoid dural venous sinus drain into?

left internal jugular vein

Where do the pair of optic nerves (CN II) become contralateral?

optic chiasm

What cranial nerve, name and number, carries parasympathetic fibers that innervate the parotid gland?

glosspharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

What cranial nerve, name and number, innervates the muscles of the tongue?

hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

What structures in the inner ear deal with balance?

semicircular canals

What photoreceptors in the eye detect bright light and color?

cones

What separates the right and left ventricles?

septum pellucidum

What glial cells would be found in the dorsal root ganglion?

satellite cells

What type of synapse is designed for ion exchange between cells?

electrical synapse

What collection of myelinated axons travel the length of a cerebral hemisphere, anterior to posterior and posterior to anterior?

association tract

What dural venous sinus drains into the body’s venous system to be returned to the heart?

sigmoid dural venous sinus

What cranial nerve, name and number, innervates the muscles of speech?

vagus nerve (CN X)

What foramina or what foramen allows cranial nerve I to leave or to enter or both the cranium?

foramina of the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone

What structure receives vibrations from the last bone in the middle ear and transfers the energy to the fluid in the cochlea?

oval window

What separates the eye from the bony orbit and provides cushioning from external forces to the eye?

orbital fat pad

What do receptors detect in the internal and external environment?

changes

Where are the soma of afferent neurons located?

ganglia

What is the deep layer of the meninges?

pia mater

What joins the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland?

infundibulum

What connects the last two ventricles of the brain?

cerebral aqueduct

What cranial nerve, name and number, innervates the muscles of mastication?

trigeminal nerve (CN V)

What structure allows the vibrations to leave the cochlea?

round window

What is required to generate a reflex reaction?

stimulus

What structural neuron innervates muscles and glands?

multipolar neuron

What tract connects the hemispheres of the cerebrum with the spinal cord?

projection tract

What cranial nerve, name and number, carries parasympathetic fibers that innervate the lacrimal, sublingual, and submandibular glands?

facial nerve (CN VII)

What structures in the organ of corti coverts wave signals into electrical impulses?

hair cells

What is continuous with the 4th ventricle, contains cerebrospinal fluid, and is found in the spinal cord?

central canal

What cranial nerve, name and number, carries parasympathetic fibers that innervate the intrinsic eye muscles?

oculomotor nerve (CN III)

What is the clear outer covering of the eye?

cornea

What synapse uses gap junctions?

electrical synapse

What do we call the white matter in the most inferior/posterior division of the brain?

arbor vitae

What cranial dura septa separates the cerebellum from the cerebrum?

tentorium cerebelli

What is the area where the optic nerve (CN II) leaves the eye called? Official name, not the common name.

optic disc

What surrounds and insulates each individual axon in most nerves?

endoneurium

What gland forms the tears of the eye?

lacrimal gland

What forms the outer surface of the eye and is white in appearance?

sclera

The round window allows vibrations to exit from what part of the cochlea?

scala tympani

What separates the external ear from the middle ear? Official name, not the common name.

tympanic membrane

What structure of the eye is referred to as the blind spot?

optic disc

What surrounds the myelin sheath of an axon in a fascicle?

endoneurium

What dural venous sinus is found in the falx cerebri?

superior sagittal sinus

In what chamber of the cochlea do we find the organ of corti?

cochlear duct

What do autonomic reflexes help the body maintain?

homeostasis

What structural neuron is a sensory neuron in the peripheral nervous system?

unipolar neuron

What do we collectively call skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands when they are stimulated by a motor neuron?

effectors