Graphing Concepts and Chi-Square Analysis

These flashcards cover key concepts related to graphing, Chi-square analysis, and the structure of scientific papers.

What is represented on the x-axis of a graph?

The independent variable.

What does the y-axis represent in a graph?

The dependent variable.

What are the key elements to identify when reading graphs?

Trends, data points, and what is being measured.

What is Chi-square used for in data analysis?

To compare expected vs. observed data.

What is the formula for calculating Chi-square?

X = Σ( (O-E)²/E ) where O is observed data and E is expected data.

How do you calculate degrees of freedom for Chi-square?

Degrees of freedom = number of categories - 1.

What are the main components of a scientific paper or lab report?

Introduction, methods, results, discussion, and conclusion.