(4.10.4)(The Haber process and the use of NPK fertilisers)

What is the Haber process used for?

To produce ammonia, which can be used to make nitrogen-based fertilisers.

What are the two reactants needed for the Haber process?

Nitrogen and hydrogen.

Where is the nitrogen and hydrogen for this process obtained from?

Hydrogen is obtained from methane and the Nitrogen is obtained from the air.

What are the condition needed for the Haber process?

A Temperature of 450 degrees Celsius and Pressure of 200 atmospheres.

How is the ammonia produced from the Haber process extracted?

When it cools it liquifies and is extracted.

Compounds of what 3 elements are used as fertilisers?

Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

What can ammonia be used to manufacture?

Ammonium salts and nitric acid.

________ chloride, ___________ sulfate and ___________ rock are obtained by ___________, but __________ rock cannot be used directly as a fertiliser.

Potassium chloride, potassium sulfate and phosphate rock are obtained by mining, but phosphate rock cannot be used directly as a fertiliser.

What acids does phosphate rock need to be treated with to produce soluble salts that can be used as fertilisers?

Nitric or sulfuric acid.

What salt are produced when phosphate rock is treated with nitric, sulfuric and phosphoric acid?

Nitric = calcium nitrate

Sulfuric = mixture of calcium sulfate and calcium phosphate

Phosphoric = calcium phosphate