GPS Approaches

Flashcards generated from lecture notes on GPS approaches.

What does a lowercase 'i' represent in older GPS systems?

An initial approach fix.

What does 'half' stand for?

Final approach fix.

What does 'm' stand for?

Misapproach point or misapproach holding point.

True or False: You can bypass the initial sequence by selecting an intermediate fix that's closer to the final approach fix.

False, you cannot bypass the initial sequence.

What are the two main types of approach styles regarding how they are displayed?

T style and P style.

For what approaches do you see T style approaches?

RNAVs for three two right and one for left.

What do T Style Approaches give You?

These approaches give you up to three initial approach fixes, alright, that prevent you from having to really do a course reversal.

How many of the three initial approach fixes will be a course reversal fix?

One.

What approaches would the FAA add 'or GPS ' to the title?

VOR, VOR DMV, or NDB approaches.

What is an overlay approach?

VOR, ILS, or NDB approach.

When flying a VOR, ILS, or NDB approach, what should the primary navigation source be?

Course guidance.

What distance information does GPS provide?

Countdown to the next fix.

What three things have to be working correctly to do a GPS overlay approach?

The aircraft has to have the appropriate navigational radio installed, it has to be working, and it has to be the primary source of course guidance.

When doing a GPS overlay, the VOR only has to be working from?

From the FAF to the MAP (final approach fix to the missed approach point).

Is flying an ARC in GPS mode legal?

Totally allowable and legal, but is a complex brain teaser.

What is the purpose of a Terminal Arrival Area (TAA)?

It just transitions the aircraft from the enroute phase of flight into the terminal area.

What are TAAS kind of like?

Arrival procedures, STARS.

A TAA's MSA looking type ICOS is similar to what?

Minimum sector altitude.

What obstacle clearance do TAAs provide?

They still provide the 1,000 feet of obstacle clearance.

How many initial approach fixes does a T-style RNAV usually have, and what is the purpose?

Three, to allow you to fly direct and not have to perform a course reversal.

When selecting an approach, what should you make sure to do?

Make sure it's either vectors or the initial fix. It defaults to vectors.

What should you rotate?

Your OBS now to final approach course.

What will clear any kind of CDI message on the GPS?

Rotating the OBS to the final approach course.

What should you check the GPS is set to?

The plate may default to VLOC, so you have to select GPS.

What does OBS mode stand for?

Omni Bearing Selector mode, it's a little bit different than what you're used to.

What does OBS mode take the defined course from?

From the active waypoint and effectively turns that waypoint into a VOR.

What will OBS mode not do?

It does not sequence you or anticipate any turns; it literally expects you to go to that fix and basically just stay there.

What must you tell the GPS when performing an RNAV hold?

I want to hold at red and put it in what's called suspend mode.

When putting a GPS in suspend mode, what's going to happen?

It's gonna only ever sequence u two n, it's gonna keep the final approach course set as only one to sequence u two n.

With a seven fifty, what does it do with procedure turns?

Kinda just does it, k, if you do it properly.

What was a nightmare when it came to missed approaches?

The older GPSs that we had in the archers.

What are the most commonly used applications for OBS mode?

Doing holds, procedure turns, or course reversals.

How can you do an unpublished arc?

Direct to whatever fix, whatever that happens to be, and then put it in OBS mode.

What is borderline universal?

Everything we've talked about up to this point is borderline universal between all GPSs.

What does WAS stand for?

The wide area augmentation system.

What is WAS?

Something that the FAA made, they're telling countries to figure out a way to make GPS more precise.

Where can we use WAS?

North America, Alaska, and Hawaii. And I think we can use it in Canada.

What does WAS allow?

Localizer like precision antiglytes for category one dialysis.

Why do we train precision approaches for WAS satellites?

We use them and train for them as they are as if they are precision approaches because they are cat one minimums.

What is a cat 1 minimum requirement?

Precision approaches to the international standards require that a precision approach be ground based navigation.

What does the master station do?

Master station then beams up a corrective signal to a geo sync to the geostationary satellite, communicates with that geostationary satellite.

How long does the whole WAS process take?

Up to two minutes.

What has to be capable of listening to geostationary satellites?

Your GPS has to be capable of listening to that satellite.

What do you need to have while using GPS for navigation?

Those secondary forms of navigation need to be basically VOR.

What approaches must an alternate have?

Must have approaches other than GPS.

How was the WAS system designed?

It was designed to be used independently of other ground based navigation systems.

Where can you find literally every bit of information concerning GPS?

The aim.

What is a GLS?

GLS is a GBAS type of r and f system augmentation system, ground based augmentation system.

What is LNAV/VNAV?

LNAV VNAV is both lateral lateral and vertical guidance.

A precision approach has to be ground based, according to the __.

International community.

What is the scaling for localizer localizer like performance?

0.5 degrees. It is quite literally localizer.