AP US History Notes: Period 2 (1607-1754 C.E.)

Spanish colonizers

Had different goals impacting their economic, political, and cultural development in colonies, affecting interactions with American Indian populations.

Triangular Trade

A trade network involving the export of raw materials from New World colonies to England, where they were turned into manufactured goods and traded for slaves.

Great Awakening

A Protestant religious movement in the 1730s and 1740s that encouraged religious tolerance and led to the founding of many universities.

Bacon’s Rebellion

A 1676 revolt led by Nathaniel Bacon against the Virginia Colony’s aristocracy, resulting in stricter laws to divide white and black slaves.

Pueblo Revolt

A 1680 revolt against Spanish settlers in the Southwest, led by Popé, resulting in a rare American Indian victory.

Massachusetts Bay Company

Founded in 1629 by London financiers to profit from American Indian trade and support Puritanism.

Indentured Servants

People who agreed to work for a set number of years in exchange for passage to the New World, often losing rights while serving.

Mercantilism

The economic theory that a government should control economic activities to enhance national power, especially through the acquisition of gold and silver.

Stono Rebellion

A 1739 slave uprising in South Carolina, leading to stricter slave codes after the deaths of colonists and African slaves.

Headright System

A colonial policy granting land to settlers who paid for their own or another's passage to the New World.

Mayflower Compact

The first written government framework in the U.S., created by the Pilgrims to establish a secular leadership in Plymouth.

Pequot War

A conflict in New England (1636-1638) that resulted in a catastrophic defeat for the Pequot tribe.

John Rolfe

An influential Virginian leader who introduced tobacco cultivation to ensure the colony's economic survival.

Navigation Acts

Laws passed in 1651 to control colonial trade and commerce through English ships, leading to resentment among colonies.

Anglicanism

A form of Protestant Christianity originating with the Church of England, founded by King Henry VIII.

Pilgrims

Separatists who were the first Puritans to settle the New World, established Plymouth colony in 1620.

Charters

Documents granting specific rights and privileges used by Parliament to legitimize colonies.