A&P 2-Chapter 27a

Bulbourethral gland

A structure that secretes an alkaline mucus into the urethra prior to ejaculation

Cervix

A canal-like opening into uterus from vagina or the outlet of the vagina, lined with mucus glands

Chlamydia/Gonorrhea

Pain, urinary problems, discharge, PID, infertility

Clitoris

Female homologue to the penis, erectile tissue, richly inverted with blood and nerves

Conjoined twins

Identical twins that fail to sperate, usually due to embryo separation happening 15 or more days after fertilization

Corpora cavernosa

The paired bodies of erectile tissue on top of the penis

Corpus albicans

Degenerating corpus luteum- 10 days, fatty tissue

Corpus luteum

The follicle that is producing estrogen and progesterone

Corpus spongiosum

Spongy erectile bodies of the penis, filled with blood during erection

Cremaster muscle

An extension of the obliques under the skin of the scrotum

Cryptorchidism

Absence of one or both testes from scrotum

Dartos muscle

Layer of smooth muscle under scrotum, autonomous nervous system

Ductus deferens

The structure that carries mature sperm from the testes up into the body cavity

Dysmenorrhea

Pain during menstruation

Endometriosis

Chronic inflammatory disease of endometrium

Endometrium

Mucosal lining in uterus, simple columnar with thick vascular lamina propria

Epididymis

Continuation of seminiferous tubules that hugs external surface of the testes

Estrogen/progesterone

Fimbriae

Ciliated projections that drape over the ovaries and draw oocyte into uterine tubes

Foreskin

Additional layer of skin that acts as a sheath/ protects head of penis

Fraternal twins

2 Eggs released, both fertilized by individual sperm

Follicle stimulating hormone

Released by pituitary gland, stimulates testicular growth

GnRH

The hormone produced by the hypothalamus that triggers FSH and LH production

Gynecology

Branch of medicine dealing with female reproductive system

Gynecomastia

Stimulation of development of breast tissue in males

Herpes

Virus of mucus membranes, spread by herpes simplex virus

Hymen

Fold of mucosa near distal orifice of vagina, forms incomplete partition

Hysterectomy

Surgical removal of uterus

Identical twins

1 Egg fertilized by one egg, later splits

Impotence

Inability to attain erection

Inhibin

Inhibits the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Interstitial cells

Lie between seminiferous tubules and produce testosterone in the presence of LH that matures sperm

Labia majora

Outer lips, skin and pubic hair, homologue to scrotum

Labia minora

Female homologue to the ventral penis

Luteinizing hormone

Tells interstitial cells to start producing testosterone