Fractures

Identify the fracture type?

Incomplete fracture

What kind of stress will cause a incomplete fracture?

Repetitive stress remodling

Identify the fracture type?

Transverse fracture

What kind of stress will cause a transverse fracture?

Sharp force going straight across

ex hit by car

Identify the fracture type?

Oblique fracture

How do we tell an oblique fracture from a transverse fracture?

Twice as long as the fracture is wide

Identify the fracture type?

Spiral

What kind of stress will cause a spiral fracture?

Slow twisting injury

Identify the fracture type?

Segmental fracture

What is a segmental fracture?

Two transverse fractures that do not communicate

Identify the fracture type?

Comminuted fracture

What will most commonly cause a Comminuted fracture ?

Gunshot wound - lots of fragments

All Gun shot wounds will be ____ fractures?

Open

What is a Salter-Harris fracture?

A fracture through the physis (growth plate) of a juvenile animal

Grade the Salter-Harris fracture?

Grade 2 - fracture through the physis

Above the physis

Grade the Salter-Harris fracture?

Grade 3 - fracture through the physis and epiphysis

beLow the physis

Grade the Salter-Harris fracture?

Grade 4 - fracture through the physis, epiphysis, and metaphysis

two or through

What is the most common Salter-Harris fracture?

Grade 2

A 5 year old chihuahua comes in what kind of Salter-Harris fracture are we seeing?

None - animal is adult and physis is closed

What does displacement indicate?

Severity of fracture

Loss of blood supply

An infection will often start in the first __ weeks?

2

What will we see in normal healing of a fracture?

Minimal callus

No fracture lines

Stable implants

What is this an example of?

Malunion

What is a malunion?

the healing of a bone in a nonanatomic position

What is this an example of given that the radiograph was taken 4 weeks post fracture?

Delayed union

What is a delayed union?

Not healing in time expected

What is this an example of given that the radiograph was taken 10 weeks post fracture?

Non-union

What is a non-union?

an arrest in the fracture repair process - healing has stopped

What does the following lesion suggest?

Osteomyelitis - bone infection

-Lucency seen

What three things must be seen to have a sequestrum?

Sequestra - bone fragment

Involucrum - dare area w/ necrotic bone

Cloaca - draining tract

A sequestrum is a piece of bone that has lost what?

Blood supply

Identify the pathology?

Thermal necrosis - white halo around implant

Grade the Salter-Harris fracture?

1 - straight through the physis

Straight across

Grade the Salter-Harris fracture?

5 - compression upon physis

ERasure of the growth plate or compression

The younger the pt the ______ the healing

quicker