Aldehydes and Ketones
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13 Terms
What are carbonyls?
Compounds with a C=O bond.
Aldehydes, ketones or carboxylic acids.
Aldehydes and carboxylic acids have it at end of chain whereas ketones have it in the middle.
Intermolecular forces in aldehydes and ketones
Solubility in water
Why is C=O polar?
Because O is more electronegative than carbon.
The positive carbon atom attracts nucleophiles.
Oxidation reactions
Kr2CrO7 is an oxidising agent that causes alcohols and aldehydes to oxidise.
What is produced when heated under reflux?
JUST aldehydes
Oxidation of aldehydes
Reduction of carbonyls
Mechanism for reduction mechanism: Nucleophilic addition
Catalytic hydrogenation
Addition of hydrogen cyanide to carbonyls to form hydroxy nitriles: conditions
Mechanism for addition of hydrogen cyanide to carbonyls to form hydroxy nitriles
How a racemic mixture can be formed when HCN is added to aldehydes and ketones
Note 
Flashcards (23)