12 trace minerals

trace minerals

small amounts less than 100 mg

iron

hemoglobin myoglobin energy immune

meat whole grain

zinc

enzymes, growth, wound healing, taste and smell, dna synthesis, nervous and immune functioning

meat seafood wholegrains poultry

copper

iron metabolism, antioxidant enzymes, connective tissue synthesis

liver cocoa legumes shellfish

wislon disease - accumulation; kayser fleischer rings

selenium

antioxidant, reproduction, dna synthesis

meat egg fish seafood grains

keshan disease - heart muscle

kashin beck disease - osteoarthritis

iodine

thyroid, hormones, cell metabolism

salt fish dairy

fluoride

tooth enamel and bone formation

water tea seaweed

oxygen transport and metabolism

hemoglobin myoglobin and cytochromes

cell division

dna production

immune system

lymphocyte production

enable neutrophil to destroy bacteria

nervous system

maintain myelin sheath

neurotransmitter production regulating brain and muscular activity

heme

iron component of hemoglobin and myoglobin

enables oxygen uptake and transport in RBC

cytochrome

group of proteins for chem reactions in release of energy

heme

meat

absorbed efficiently

nonheme

veg grain fort/enriched foods

not absorbed efficiently

ferritin

major source

serum concen used to assess status

liver spleen marrow

transferrin

transport protein for iron in blood

regulate absorption in SI

transferrin receptor

receptor attaches to iron measuring status

total body iron

assess iron status

blood transferrin receptor : ferritin

hemochromatosis

genetic defect - absorb tm iron

accumulates in tissues → joint pain, bronze skin, organ damage

chromium

enhances insulin, metabolism, storage, body composition

meat veg grain fruit

manganese

wound healing metabolism bone/cartilage antioxidant

veg grains nuts tea