Tissues Class 9 Ncert

Tissues

Groups of cells that perform a specific function in an organism.

Plant Tissues

Tissues found in plants, classified into meristematic and permanent tissues.

Meristematic Tissues

Tissues responsible for the growth of plants, consisting of undifferentiated cells.

Apical Meristem

Meristematic tissue located at the tips of roots and shoots, responsible for primary growth.

Lateral Meristem

Meristematic tissue that contributes to the thickness of stems and roots through secondary growth.

Intercalary Meristem

Meristematic tissue found at the base of leaves or internodes, aiding in growth.

Permanent Tissues

Tissues that have differentiated and are no longer capable of division.

Simple Permanent Tissues

Tissues composed of a single type of cell, including parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma.

Parenchyma

A type of simple permanent tissue involved in storage, photosynthesis, and tissue repair.

Collenchyma

A type of simple permanent tissue providing support and flexibility to young plant parts.

Sclerenchyma

A type of simple permanent tissue providing strength and rigidity, composed of thick-walled cells.

Complex Permanent Tissues

Tissues made up of more than one type of cell, including xylem and phloem.

Xylem

A complex permanent tissue responsible for the transport of water and minerals in plants.

Tracheids

Long, narrow cells in xylem that facilitate water transport and provide structural support.

Vessel Elements

Specialized cells in xylem that form vessels for efficient water transport.

Xylem Fibers

Supportive cells in xylem that provide strength to the plant.

Phloem

A complex permanent tissue responsible for the transport of food (sugars) in plants.

Sieve Tubes

Phloem cells that transport sugars and nutrients throughout the plant.

Companion Cells

Phloem cells that assist sieve tubes in transport and metabolic functions.

Phloem Fibers

Supportive cells in phloem that provide structural integrity.

Animal Tissues

Tissues found in animals, classified into epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues.

Dense Connective Tissue

A type of connective tissue that provides strength and resistance to stretching.

Adipose Tissue

Connective tissue that stores fat and provides insulation and cushioning.

Cartilage

A flexible connective tissue that provides support and cushioning in joints.

Bone

A rigid connective tissue that provides structural support and protection for organs.

Blood

A fluid connective tissue that transports nutrients, gases, and waste products throughout the body.

Muscle Tissue

Tissue responsible for movement, classified into skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle.

Skeletal Muscle

Striated muscle tissue under voluntary control, responsible for body movement.

Cardiac Muscle

Striated muscle tissue found in the heart, responsible for involuntary contractions.

Smooth Muscle

Non-striated muscle tissue under involuntary control, found in walls of hollow organs.

Nervous Tissue

Tissue responsible for transmitting signals throughout the body, composed of neurons and neuroglia.

Neurons

Specialized cells in nervous tissue that transmit electrical signals.

Neuroglia

Supportive cells in nervous tissue that protect and support neurons.