History of Depression, War, and Recovery (1930-1951)

This series of flashcards covers key vocabulary and concepts related to the history of depression, war, and recovery in Britain from 1930-1951.

The Depression

A severe worldwide economic downturn that began in 1929 and lasted throughout the 1930s, characterized by high unemployment and extensive poverty.

Wall Street Crash

The stock market crash of October 1929, which precipitated the Great Depression.

Dole

A form of social security benefits provided to unemployed individuals in the UK.

Means Test

A method introduced in 1931 to determine eligibility for welfare benefits by assessing an individual or family's financial status.

Hunger Marches

Protests organized by unemployed workers, notably including the Jarrow March, aimed at drawing attention to their plight during the Great Depression.

RADAR

A system used during WWII for detecting and tracking enemy aircraft, which played a crucial role in Britain's defense.

Air Raid Wardens

Volunteers who provided civilian defense during WWII by enforcing blackout regulations, helping with evacuations, and providing first aid.

The Beveridge Report

A report published in 1942 proposing widespread social reforms to address the 'five giants' of want, disease, ignorance, squalor, and idleness.

Nationalization

The transfer of businesses or public services from private to state ownership, particularly of key industries in post-war Britain.

Dig for Victory

A campaign launched during WWII encouraging citizens to grow their own food in response to wartime rationing.

Propaganda

Media used to influence public opinion during the war, aimed at maintaining morale and promoting war efforts.

VE Day

Victory in Europe Day, celebrated on May 8, 1945, marking the formal acceptance of Nazi Germany's unconditional surrender.

Rationing

The controlled distribution of scarce resources and goods, introduced in Britain during WWII to manage shortages.

Lend-Lease Scheme

A program under which the United States supplied Allied nations with vital military supplies during WWII.

Labour's Victory (1945)

Refers to the Labour Party's election win in 1945, leading to significant social reforms and the creation of the welfare state.

The NHS (National Health Service)

Established in 1948, it provided free healthcare to all UK citizens at the point of use, overcoming previous barriers to medical care.

Post-War Reconstruction

Efforts in Britain after WWII focused on rebuilding the economy and infrastructure, including housing, health services, and industry.