Te Taketake - Models of Intervention

Vocabulary flashcards reviewing core intervention models, Motivational Interviewing, relational principles, relapse prevention frameworks, and attachment theories from the lecture.

Fonofale Model

A Pacific health model represented as a fale, where Culture forms the roof, Family forms the foundation, and the posts (pou) connecting them are Physical, Spiritual, Mental, and Other (sexuality, gender, age, socio-economic status), bounded by Environment, Time, and Context.

Whakamoemiti

A stage in the Pōwhiri Poutama model defined as 'Unlocking wairua. Acknowledging presence of Atua and a power higher than ourselves. Acknowledging a divine relationship' (Huata, 1987); involves referrals, phone calls, and dealing with anxiety.

Whakatau

A stage in the Pōwhiri Poutama model defined as 'Honouring the people and the land. Establishing personal and social relationships. Trust' (Huata, 1987); involves arriving, making connections, pepeha, assessments, rights, and responsibilities.

Whakapuaki

A stage in the Pōwhiri Poutama model defined as 'Focusing on the reason for us being here, relationships still developing, begin to see the person more fully' (Huata, 1987); involves identifying the issue and gathering information.

Whakatangi

A stage in the Pōwhiri Poutama model defined as 'Hear the cry. .. Letting the wellness spring flow. Inner mamae. Memories. Emotional commitment to common relationship' (Huata, 1987); involves interpreting meaning and action.

Whakaratarata

A stage in the Pōwhiri Poutama model defined as 'Expression of openness and trust in developing relationships. .. The transition to a new place' (Huata, 1987); involves the preferred story and making plans.

Whakaora

A stage in the Pōwhiri Poutama model defined as 'Respecting life, honouring the living. Subscriptions to the need for healthier relationships' (Huata, 1987); involves studying options and consequences.

Whakaotinga

A stage in the Pōwhiri Poutama model defined as 'All processes are moving to an end as healing start to occur… A completion of the journey with a new beginning… Unlocking the mauri' (Huata, 1987); involves considering referring on or returning to unfinished business.

Motivational Interviewing (MI)

A counselling approach based on person-centred counselling, focusing on ambivalence and evoking change talk, supported by research (Miller and Rollnick) showing that people who talk about change more tend to change more.

Stages in MI

The four stages in Motivational Interviewing: Engage, Focus, Evoke, and Plan.

Evoke (in MI)

The process in Motivational Interviewing of eliciting change talk—encouraging the individual to talk about change.

Sustain Talk

Talk in Motivational Interviewing that supports the old behavior; the opposite of change talk.

Principles of MI

The five principles of Motivational Interviewing: Develop discrepancy, Express empathy, Amplify ambivalence, Roll with Resistance, and Support self-efficacy.

OARS

An acronym for the core skills in Motivational Interviewing: Open-ended questions, Affirmations, Reflective listening, and Summaries.

DARN

An acronym used to identify Change Talk in Motivational Interviewing: Desire for change, Ability to change, Reason to change, and Need for change.

Cozolino's Opening Question

'What have I got myself into?' — an opening question in Cozolino's book that many therapists ask themselves in waa or in practice.

Heart of a Therapist's Work (Cozolino)

According to Cozolino, the ability to stay centered, stay focused, and listen.

Managing Therapist Defensiveness (Cozolino)

Cozolino's recommended steps if a therapist gets defensive with a whaiora: breathe and reflect, ask yourself what buttons of yours the whaiora is pushing, and get curious.

Counselling (Manthei)

Described by Manthei as an 'intentional use of skills'.

Miller and Moyers' 8 Therapeutic Skills

Empathy, Acceptance, Positive regard, Genuineness, Focus, Hope, Evocation, and Offering information and advice.

Relapse Prevention Model

A cognitive-behavioral relapse model showing how High Risk Situations lead to either effective coping (increased self-efficacy, decreased relapse probability) or ineffective coping (decreased self-efficacy, positive outcome expectancies, lapse, Abstinence Violation Effect, and increased relapse probability).

Dynamic Model of Relapse

A dynamic relapse model that categorizes factors into Tonic Processes (distal risks, cognitive processes, physical withdrawal) and Phasic Responses (coping behavior, affective state, substance use behavior, perceived effects) occurring within High-Risk Situations.

Cognitive Model of Substance Relapse

A cognitive relapse model detailing a pathway: High Risk Stimuli -> Addictive Beliefs Activated -> Automatic Thoughts -> Urges and Cravings -> Permissive Beliefs -> Focus on Instrumental Strategies -> Continued Use or Relapse.

Whare Tapa Whā

A Māori model of health and wellbeing developed to describe Māori perspectives to mainstream services so they could better assist Māori.

FRAMES

A model for brief assessment and intervention standing for Feedback, Responsibility, Advice, Menu of options, Empathy, and Self-efficacy.

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT)

A therapy aimed at changing behavior and feeling by changing thinking.

Attachment Theory

A theory used to understand the way a person makes relationships and responds to trauma in terms of patterns created early in life.

Childhood Attachment Patterns

The four commonly identified attachment patterns in childhood: Secure, Avoidant, Ambivalent, and Disorganized.

Disorganized Attachment

A childhood attachment pattern characterized by chaotic behavior, thinking, and feeling.

Adult Attachment Patterns

The four attachment patterns identified in adulthood: Autonomous, Dismissing, Preoccupied, and Unresolved.