MMG - Exam 3 Definitions

Sinusitis

inflammation of the sinuses

Pharyngitis

inflammation of pharynx

Epiglottitis

inflammation of epiglottis

Laryngitis

inflammation of the larynx

Bronchitis

inflammation of the bronchi

Croup

inflammation of larynx and trachea

Stridor

abnormal, high-pitched breathing

Pneumonia

bacterial infection of the LRT

Dyspnea

difficult or labored breathing

Viral variant

the virus is slightly mutated but has the same action and effect

Viral strain

the species is functionally different than the original virus

Antigen

anything that the body views as foreign and a threat. Can be a whole pathogen, can be a part of a pathogen or a toxin

Antibody

the proteins that are produced by WBC that attack antigens

Antitoxin

acts as a antibody against a toxin secreted by a pathogen

Toxoid

inactivated toxin that can be used in a vaccine

Melanin

antimicrobial properties

Perspiration

washes away microbes, high acidity/salt content

Lysozyme

enzyme in sweat that breaks down peptidoglycan

Sebum

oily substance produces in sebaceous glands that contains low pH lipids and proteins

Normal microbiota

compete for space and nutrients with other pathogens

Lesion

defined area of abnormality in the skin

Rash

eruptions of lesions grouped together

Exanthem

widespread rash of the skin

Vesicle/vesicular rash

small elevated lesion with clear fluid

Macule

flat discolored area of skin

Abscess

collection of puss

Pyoderma

any skin disease that has puss involved

Folliculitis

infection of hair follicle

Furuncle

small abscess deep inside a hair follicle

Carbuncle

connected furuncles

Cellulitis

infection of the lower dermis/subcutaneous fat causing red painful skin

Impetigo

superficial, puss-filled lesions that crust over

Erysipelas

progresses from impetigo, infection of the dermis and superficial lymphatics

Necrosis

tissue death due to loss of blood flow

Necrotizing Fasciitis

death of the CT under the skin

Gangrene

necrosis at an extremity caused by an exotoxin