Studied by 4 people
What caused the Berlin Conference
-Nationalism, Darwinism, white mans burden
-European competition
-Africas size, resources, and location
-new inventions (maxim machine gun and steam ships)
-wars between ethnic groups in Africa
Effects of the Berlin conference
-it have Africa a legacy of political fragmentation
-new illnesses in Africa
-Africans lost control of their land
-loss of traditional African leaders
-new technology, education, and improved sanitation in Africa
What was the Berlin conference
A conference of 14 nations that carved up Africa into colonies for Europeans to take (no African leaders were allowed to attend)
Causes of the Industrial Revolution
-abundance of natural resources (coal and iron)
-cheap labor
-new technology (plow, seed drill, horse drawn cultivator)
-geographic location (near Rivera and oceans)
-agricultural Revolution
-enlightenment ideas
-no wars with Europe
-end of mercantilism
Effects of the Industrial Revolution
-Pollution
-poor working and living conditions
-economic growth
-child labor
-urbanization
-unions
-deforestation
-new technology (steam engine, factories, furnace, gas powered lights)
-new social classes (Bourgeoisie and working class)
Response to Industrial Revolution
Labor unions were formed to advocate for the rights of the working class
Luddites: would destroy textile machines in protest of poor working conditions
Chartist movement: working class men demanded that they had the right to vote in govt.
Sadler committee: investigated poor working conditions and child labor in factories/caused the factory acts
Utopian socialism: Robert Owen, better treatment of workers would cause them to want to work, allowing women time off of work after they gave birth/limiting child labor/providing housing, medical care, and education
causes of italian unification
Napoleon’s rule of the Napoleonic kingdom of Italy and the French Revolution inspired nationalism on the Italian peninsula.
Causes of german unification
-Napoleonic wars → conquered and combined the territories
-congress of Vienna → restoration of pre-Napoleon power
-nationalism → causes Germany and Italy to revolt
-French Revolution → inspired the revolt
Economic response to IR (capitalism)
Capitalism:
-Adam smith
-free market, free economy
-economic Liberty=economic progress
-3 natural laws:
1. Law of self interest-working provides benefits
Law of competition - competition makes better product
3. Law of supply and demand - when supply is high and demand is high that means economic progress
-lassie-fair economics
Economic response to IR (Marxism )
Carl Marx
-communist manefesto
-permanent social classes
-the idea that family owned businesses would be destroyed by factories and because of this people would revolt causing complete equality
-social class free society
-the government is in the people
African response to imperialism
-defending themselves with violence/war
-attempt at unifying different tribes to fight against the Europeans
-surrendering to the Europeans
-diplomatically signing treaties
Why were the British interested in India
Could supply raw materials and workers
Affects of imperialism in india
-Indians had no control in their own politics or economics
-loss of self sufficiency
-intolerance to Indian culture
-modernizations brough railroads, telephones, and telegraphs
-sepoy mutiny
What caused the sepoy mutiny
-british we’re trying to convert them to Christianity
-british abuse
Effect of the sepoy mutiny
-The British took direct command of India
-formation of the British Raj
-fueled British racism
Historical circumstances that led to china becoming a sphere of influence
The opium wars
Treaty of nanjing
Chinese isolationist policies
Jade and porcelain is very valuable in Britain
The effects of china becoming a sphere of influence
-loss of control over trade
-open door policy
-china was divided
-taiping rebellion
-boxer rebellion
What we’re the Opium wars
Britain sent diplomats over to china to china to convince them to open trade, china said no.
-Britain smuggled a drug called opium in order to trade good and tea
-the Chinese got addicted to the drug
-china asked britain to stop and britain said no
-Lin tse-hsu destroyed opium stores and china made opium illegal to try and limit the amount that was coming in
-british and China began fighting
Treaty of Nanking
-peace between britain and china
-China opens trade to britain
-fair tariff on trade
Japanese imperialism
-Japan shuts off trade
-the US send Mathew’s perry to threaten Japan to open trade
-Japan opens trade and mondernizes
Imperialism in South East Asia
Note
Flashcard