Cell Cycle & Division (Meiosis)

Meiosis I

First division of meiosis where homologous chromosomes separate.

Meiosis II

Second division of meiosis where sister chromatids separate.

Homologous Chromosomes

A pair of chromosomes—one from each parent—that contain the same types of genes.

Tetrad

A structure formed when two homologous chromosomes pair together, containing 4 chromatids.

Synapsis

Pairing of homologous chromosomes during Prophase I.

Crossing Over

Exchange of DNA between homologous chromosomes during Prophase I.

Genetic Recombination

The creation of new combinations of alleles through processes such as crossing over.

Cohesin

A protein that holds sister chromatids together.

Haploid (n)

A cell containing half the normal number of chromosomes.

Diploid (2n)

A cell containing two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent.

Gametes

Reproductive/sex cells, such as sperm and egg cells, that are haploid.

Prophase II

Chromosomes condense and spindle fibers form as the cells prepare to divide again.

Metaphase II

Chromosomes line up individually at the metaphase plate.

Anaphase II

Sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles.

Telophase II

New nuclei form and the cells divide, producing 4 haploid daughter cells.