Quiz 2 contemporary issues

Wednesday

Sherman Anti trust act

Prohibits monopolies and restraint of trade, while professional baseball, football, hockey, and basketball are exempt from US anti trust laws for selling game rights to tv broadcast

Trust (in economics/business usage)

confidence or belief that one party has in the reliability, integrity, and fairness of another party

O’bannon v. NCAA (2014)

Anti-trust lawsuit filed against the NCAA for the use of images and likeness of its former students athletes for commercial purposes.

Name, Image, Likeness (NIL)

The rights of athletes to benefit financially for their commercial use

NCAA v. Alston (2021)

Rules limited education related compensation violated anti trust law.

Decision: Allows student athletes to receive compensation in exchange for their use of NIL but restores direct compensation unrelated to education.

Kavanagh concurrence to NCAA v Alston

Supreme Court upheld a ruling that struck down NCAA caps on student athlete academic benefits on anti trust grounds. Case involved compensation of collegiate athletics within NCAA

NCAA v. University of Oklahoma board of regents (1984)

The Supreme Court of the US held that the NCAA TV plan violated the Sherman anti trust act.

House v. NCAA (2020)

This is a class action lawsuit, agreed to allow its member institutions to distribute funds to division 1 athletes who have played since 2016

House settlement (pending final resolution)

issues between the plaintiffs and the NCAA, iff approved it would provide back pay to former division 1 athletes, revenue sharing, changes to roster sizes, and NIL.

Class action lawsuit

one or more individuals sue a person on behalf of a larger group or class of people

revenue sharing

Generated from business operations/ is distributed among stakeholders

Roster limits

refers to the maximum number of players allow on a team in various sports, particularly NCAA athletics.

Johnson v NCAA (2024)

college athletes argue they are employees of their schools and the NCAA

Anthropocene era

geologic time period characterized by significant human impact on the planets climate and ecosystems. Sports have been around since the dawn of civilization.

Climate change

long term change in the average weather patterns that have came to define earths local, regional, and global climates.

Wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT)

measure of environmental heat as it affects humans.

factors: air, temp, humidity, radiant heat, air movement.

Climate reliability

ability of climate forecast to be trusted and used for decision making.

recognize to recover

programed aimed at promoting safe play and reducing injuries in players of all ages/improve the prevention and management of injuries

sport of climate action

initiative that aims to support and guide sports organizations in achieving global climate change goals.

sports sustainability

refers to practices within the sport industry that aim to minimize environmental impact and promote social responsibility

embodied carbon

greenhouse gas emissions arising from the manufacturing, transportation, installation, maintenance, and disposal of building and infrastructure materials.

Fenway farms

rooftop garden on the third base side of the Red Sox stadium for environmental benefits such as improved air quality, energy conservation, and moderation of heat

professional league green initiatives (ex: NFL green, NHL green, etc…)

practicing responsibility and social conscious sustainability efforts in sports arenas/involved with major sports teams

How does the NCAA act like a monopoly?

NCAA setting policies, recruiting, scholarships, eligibility, and team and coach rules. Generates about 1 billion in revenue annually.

Why does the NCAA claim it needs monopoly power?

due to its control over broadcast rights, which brings visibility, sponsors, and revenue.

How did each court case impact or change college sports?

NCAA v alston and O’bannon v NCAA cases in 2021 allowed athletes to be paid for their own name, image, and likeness.

what are some examples of way that sports and sports managers are adapting to the effects of climate change?

• flexibility in event scheduling to avoid daily heat peaks

• adapting uniforms and equipment to maximize heat issues

• moving games and practices indoors

sports sustainability

driving the practices and behaviors of all individuals and organizations developing the sport in such a way that it accounts for the needs of future generations and provides a fair playing environment.

what are some examples of way the sport industry is working to promote sustainability in sports?

• adopting recycling programs and reducing single use items

• revamping stadiums with solar panels and energy efficient lighting systems

• encourage green transportation options at outdoor events