Principles of Human Physiology - The Endocrine System

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms related to the principles of human physiology, specifically focusing on the endocrine system and energy metabolism.

Metabolism

The sum of all chemical processes that occur in a living organism.

Negative Energy Balance

A state in which energy intake is less than energy expenditure.

Positive Energy Balance

A state in which energy intake exceeds energy expenditure.

Lipids

A group of organic compounds that are fatty acids or their derivatives and are insoluble in water.

Triglycerides

A type of fat (lipid) found in the blood, composed of three fatty acids attached to a glycerol molecule.

Lipoproteins

Complexes of lipids and proteins that transport fats through the lymphatic and circulatory systems.

Glycogen

A multi-branched polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of energy storage in animals.

BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate)

The rate at which the body expends energy at rest, maintaining basic physiological functions.

Metabolic Rate (MR)

The overall rate of metabolism, inclusive of basal metabolic rate (BMR) and additional energy expenditure from physical activities.

Energy Storage

The process of storing excess energy in the form of fat, glycogen, or protein in the body for later use.