Microorganisms: Archaebacteria and Eubacteria

These flashcards cover key concepts and vocabulary related to microorganisms, specifically Archaebacteria and Eubacteria, their structures, classifications, and impacts.

Archaebacteria

Ancient bacteria that lack peptidoglycan and often live in extreme environments.

Eubacteria

Known as true bacteria that contain peptidoglycan and are found in common environments.

Cell wall

Provides shape and protection to the bacteria.

Plasma membrane

Regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Cytoplasm

The site of metabolic reactions within the cell.

Methanogens

Archaebacteria that produce methane gas as a byproduct of metabolism.

Halophiles

Archaebacteria that thrive in high-salt environments.

Thermoacidophiles

Archaebacteria that live in extremely hot and acidic environments.

Gram-positive bacteria

Bacteria with a thick peptidoglycan layer that stain a darker color.

Gram-negative bacteria

Bacteria with a thinner peptidoglycan layer located between two membranes.

Coccus

Bacteria that have a spherical shape.

Bacillus

Bacteria that are rod-shaped.

Spirilla

Bacteria that have a spiral shape.

Endospores

Highly resistant structures produced by some bacteria in harsh conditions.

Genetic recombination

The exchange of genetic material between bacteria through methods such as conjugation and transformation.

Bioremediation

The use of microorganisms to remove pollutants from the environment.

Pathogens

Bacteria that cause disease in their hosts.

Capsule

A thick protective layer around some bacteria that aids in adhesion and protects against the immune system.