bio 142 ch 27 part 4

what is vulva

external female genitalia.

Mons Pubis

fatty cushion over the pubic bone

Labia Majora:

outer lips that shield the rest of the vulva.

Labia Minora

• inner lips that surround the entryway.

Vestibule

inside space where the urinary and vaginal openings sit.

Glans Clitoris

sensitive tip at the top, built for pleasure.

Greater Vestibular Gland

lube factory that makes moisture.

Urethral Orifice

pee hole located just below the clitoris.

Vaginal Orifice

main opening leading into the internal vaginal canal.

Where are the ovaries located?

upper pelvic cavity, one on each side of the uteru

Where did the ovaries originate?

originate near the kidneys

The center of the ovary is called the

medulla

medulla of ovary is mostly made of what

loose connective

blood vessels

nerves

outer portion of the ovary is called the

cortex

where are oocytes ( egg cells) located

within ovarian follicles on the cortex (outer part)

1. Name the blood vessels that supply the ovaries.

Ovarian arteries

Ovarian branches of the uterine arteries

Connective tissue that surrounds the ovary:

Tunica albuginea

Epithelium that covers the ovary:

Germinal epithelium

1. Name the two hormones made in the ovary. 

Estrogen

Progesterone

Estrogen

Stimulates the development of female secondary sex characteristics

Progesterone

Prepares and maintains the uterine lining for pregnancy,

regulate the menstrual cycle.

prevents uterine contractions during gestation

What are oogonia?

(stem cells) primordial germ cells in female fetus that give rise to oocytes

how does oogonia divide

mitosis

when a female is born does she create or have all her primary oocytes?

born with all

where are primary oocytes located

within primordial follicles in the cortex of the ovary.

Oogenesis:

process of making oocytes (egg cells)

how is oogenesis different then spermatogenesis

oogenesis creates 1 functional egg compared to 4

oogenesis before birth compared to puberty in spermatogenesis

oogenesis divide cyto unevenly

how does primary oocyte divide

meiosis 1

how much chromosomes does a primary oocyte have

46

after meiosis 1 what does a primary oocyte become?

a secondary oocyte and first polar body

how much chromosomes are in a secondary oocyte and first polar body

23 each

which product of meiosis 1 gets majority of cytoplasm

secondary oocyte (cell)

what does the secondary oocyte need to complete meiosis 2

fertilization to occur

result of fertilization

a zygote is created with 46 chromoesomes

23 maternal and 23 paternal

1. When does meiosis I occur?

before puberty

1. When does meiosis II occur?

after puberty and if fertilization occurs

1. What is the purpose of the polar bodies?

to get rid of extra chromosomes

Name the groups of cells that surround oocytes in the ovary.

follicular cells

Theca Cells:

Granulosa Cell

Primordial

single layer flat

in embryos

decline over time

contain primary oocyte

Primary Follicle:

cuboidal

zona pellucida

granulosa cells

primary oocyte

Secondary follicle

large

beginneing of antrum

primary oocytes

Tertiary follicle

complete antrum

thecal cells

mature follicle

corona radiata

contain secondary oocyte

1. What hormone stimulates follicular development?

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) realsed by

anterior pituitary gland in the brain

1. What hormone stimulates ovulation?

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

1. What do you call the enlarged opening to the uterine tube?

infundibulum

What type of oocyte is released during ovulation?

secondary oocyte

Following ovulation, what happens to the follicle

turns into corpus luteum

What is the purpose of the corpus luteum?

secrete large amounts of progesterone to thicken uterine lining incase pregnancy

corpus luteum persists for about how long

10-14 days before becoming corpus albicans (white)

when a corpus lutemun becomes a corpus albicans what happens to horemones levels?

they drop

What important event occurs within the uterine tubes (fallopian tubes)?

Fertilization

1. What are the small projections on the end of the uterine tube?  What is their function?

fimbriae

create waves to drove oocyte into infundibulum

3 layers of uterine tube

mucous

muscular

serous

mucous layer of uterine tube

inner

simple columnar

cillia

muscular layer of uterine tube

middle

smooth muscle

serous layer of uterine tube

outer

serous membrane