BAC Exam

what is the literal meaning of aphasia?

without speech

What modalities does aphasia affect?

ORGA (oral expression, reading comprehension, graphic expression, auditory comprehension

Aphasia is a _______ disorder

language-specific

What Broadmann’s area number is Broca’s area?

44

What does Broca’s area do?

speech production

In which hemisphere is Broca’s area located?

left (inferior frontal)

Where is the supplementary motor area located?

frontal lobe

medial surface

between primary motor and premotor

What does the supplementary motor area have to do with language?

It might affect language because of its role in motor initiation

why is occipital lobe relevant?

contains the visual association areas, so it’s important for reading

what are the two main arterial systems that deliver blood to the brain?

1. Internal carotid

2. Vertebral/basilar system

(both arise from aortic arch)

What does the anterior cerebral artery supply?

middle portion of frontal and parietal lobes

basal ganglia

corpus callosum

Why is the middle cerebral artery important?

it supplies motor speech areas, Wernicke’s area, and perisylvian language zone

symptoms of stroke

headaches, dizziness, drowsiness, mental clouding, vomiting

prevalence of stroke

5th most common cause of death among US adults

how many people in US have aphasia

over 2 million

What kind of stroke patients are you most likely to see with Aphasia?

ischemic stroke (more common, better survival rate)

What kind of strokes have the best survival rates

ischemic stroke / strokes caused by occlusion

Risk factors for stroke (3 most common, at least 2 additional)

1. hypertension (!!!)

2. diabetes

3. Heart disease

• age

• obesity/inactivity

• birth control

• cigarette smoking

• blood fat levels (cholesterol)

4 basic pathophysiological events leading to a stroke

1. ischemic

2. hemorrhagic

3. transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)

4. Arteriovenous malformations

Ischemic strokes

• most common (85% of all strokes)

• caused by lack of blood supply to brain (usually by occlusion)

• with