Anatomy Lab Test 1

Right and Left

From perpective of organism

Levels of structural organization

Organism → organ system → organ → tissue → cellular → chemical

Superior

Cranial

Inferior

Caudal

Anterior

Ventral

Posterior

Dorsal

Proximal

Closer to trunk

Distal

Further from trunk

Cephalic

Head

Occipital

Back of head

Dorsal

Back

Cervical

Neck

Vertebral

Spinal column

Lumbar

Lower back

Sacral

Tailbone

Gluteal

Butt

Thoracic

Chest

Sternal

Sternum

Abdominal

Abdomin

Pelvic

Between abdominal and inguinal

Inguinal

Between pelvic and pubic

Pubic

Below inguinal

Palmer

Hand

Pedal

Foot

Plantat

Sole of foot

Cranial

Skull

Frontal

Forehead

Ocular

Eyes

Otic

Ears

Nasal

Nose

Buccal

Cheek

Oral

Mouth

Mental

Chin

Acronial

Shoulder

Axillary

Armpit

Brachial

Upper arm

Antecubital

Elbow

Antebrachial

Lower arm

Carpal

Wrist

Pollex

Thumb

Metacarpal

Palm

Coxal

Hip

Femoral

Upper leg

Patellar

Front of knee

Cural

Shin

Tardal

Ankle

Hallux

Big toe

Metatardal

Middle of foot

Sural

Back of lower leg

Popliteal

Back of knee

Saggital

Splits into left and right

Frontal

Splits into front and back, coronal

Transverse

Splits into top and bottom

Parasagittal

Not in the middle

Midsagittal

In the middle

Oblique

On an angle

Cranial cavity

Brain, surrounded by meninges

Vertebral cavity

Houses spine, meninges

Coelom

House viscera/ organs

Thoracic cavity

Pleural cavities and mediastinum

Pleural cavities

House lungs

Mediastinum

Pericardial cavity, heart

Diaphragm

Separates abdominal and thoracic cavities

Peritoneum

Serous membrane

Abdominal cavity

Liver, spleen, digestive organs

Pelvic cavity

Within pelvis, bladder, reproductive organs, rectum

Frontal sinuses

Above eyes

Sephonoidal sinus

Behind eyes

Right hypochondriac

Top right

Epigastric

Top middle

Left hypochondriac

Top left

Right lumbar

Middle right

Umbillical

Middle

Left lumbar

Middle left

Right iliac

Botton right

Hypogastric

Bottom middle

Left iliac

Bottom left

Visceral

Organ side

Parietal

Body wall side

Liver

Ruq, luq, right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac, right lumbar, umbilical

Spleen

Luq, left hypochondriac, left lumbar

Gallbladder

Ruq, top right corner of umbilical region

Stomach

Ruq, luq, left hypochondriac, epigastric, left lumbar, umbilical

Pancreas

Ruq, luq, umbilical

Large intestine

All four quadrants, right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar, right iliac, left iliac

Small intestine

Rlq, llq, right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar, right iliac, hypogastric, left iliac

Right Upper Quadrant

Liver, gallbladder, pancreas, stomach, large intestine

Left upper quadrant

Liver, stomache, spleen, large intestine, pancreas

Right lower quadrant + Left Lower quadrant

Large intestine, small intestine

4 major elements

C,N,O,H

Properties of Water

Solubility, high heat capacity, high heat of vaporization, reactivity, adhesion, cohesion

% of blood that is water

90

Water is main constituent of

Intracellular and extracellular space

% of body weight that is water

60

% of earth’s surface that is water

75

Solvent

Liquid in which other substances dissolve

Solute

Any dissolved substance

Hydrophilic

Polar molecules attracted to water

Hydrophobic

Nonploar neutral molecules that do not interact with water

Acids

Donate hydrogen ions