AP World History: Modern, Unit 1 (The Global Tapestry, 1200-1450)

AP World History flashcards covering state building, religion, economics, and cultural developments from 1200-1450.

Confucianism

A philosophy teaching the hierarchy of society and relationships such as between fathers & sons, husbands & wives, and rulers & subjects.

Filial Piety

The concept of honoring parents and deceased grandparents.

Imperial Bureaucracy in Song China

A system where wealthy men took exams based on Confucianism to gain merit-based jobs.

Influence of Song China

States like Korea adopted similar systems to China, including civil service exams and Confucianism.

Buddhism

A belief system originating in India centered on the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path.

Four Noble Truths

Life is suffering; we suffer because we crave; we stop suffering when we stop craving; the Eightfold Path leads to the cessation of suffering AND craving

Eightfold path

Practices of a Buddhist (meditation/morality)

Mahayana Buddhism

Buddhism is available to ALL

Commercialization of Economy

Selling goods, paper money, credit, etc.

Champa Rice

Rice from Vietnam's Champa Kingdom that is drought-resistant and harvestable multiple times per year.

Junks

Large ships with rudders and large sails used to increase sea trade.

Judaism

Abrahamic religion that grew out of the Middle East and is the ethnic religion of Jews.

Christianity

Abrahamic religion that accepted Jesus Christ as the Messiah.

Islam

Abrahamic religion that accepted Mohammad as the Final Prophet.

Abbasid Caliphate

Replaced the Umayyad Caliphate and was in power during the Golden Age of Islam.

Seljuk Empire

Warriors who eventually take power from the Abbasids; had most political power in the area

Mamluk Sultanate

Fierce warriors who seized power

Delhi Sultanate

Invading Turks establish Muslim state in the north of India

Sufism

Mystical Islam

House of Wisdom

Library in Baghdad where Greek works were translated into Arabic.

Hinduism

Polytheistic belief system with cycles of rebirth and reincarnation to achieve Brahman.

Buddhism in India

Rejected caste system and promoted equality; universalizing religion

Bhakti Movement

Movement encouraging believers to worship only one of the millions of Hindu deities.

State-Building in India

Muslim rulers in northern India have trouble imposing Islam

Vijayanagara Empire

Emissaries from N. India sent to convert people to Islam; however, they themselves converted back to Hinduism and established V. Empire

Srivijaya Empire

Buddhist state but also influenced by Hinduism with Strait of Malacca control

Majapahit Empire

Hindu but Buddhist influence; tributary system

Angkor Wat

Hindu building that demonstrated Hindu culture

Maya Civilization

Large urban centers, sophisticated writing and math systems, decentralized city-states

Aztec Empire

Decentralized power/tributary states

Inca Empire

Military conquest but used massive bureaucracy to consolidate power (centralized unlike the Aztecs)

Mit'a System

Everyone must serve the state in some capacity at some point in the year

Mississippian Culture

First large-scale civilization in North America with fertile soil for agriculture.

Swahili Civilization

Strategic location = bustling Indian Ocean trade

Hausa Kingdoms

Collection of city-states who get rich off trade

Ethiopia

Christian kingdom who also got rich through trade (Med. Sea & Indian Ocean)

Feudalism

System of allegiance between lords, monarchs, knights

Manorialism

Peasants bonded to land who worked it for protection