Proteins pt 1 (ppt 1)

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Last updated 2:17 AM on 9/12/26
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12 Terms

1
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pKa

indicates strength of the acid

  • strong acid=low pKa

  • weak acid= high pKa

  • pKa=-logKa


<p>indicates strength of the acid</p><ul><li><p>strong acid=low pKa</p></li><li><p>weak acid= high pKa</p></li><li><p>pKa=-logKa</p></li></ul><p></p>
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3
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Ka

dissociation constant- determined experimentally

  • strong acid= large Ka

  • weak acid=small Ka


4
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Henderson‑Hasselbalch Relationship

  • When pH > pKa, the deprotonated form (A⁻) dominates.

  • When pH < pKa, the protonated form (HA) dominates.

  • At pH = pKa, concentrations of HA and A⁻ are equal


<ul><li><p>When <span style="color: rgb(125, 119, 252);"><strong><span>pH &gt; pKa</span></strong></span>, the deprotonated form (A⁻) dominates.</p></li><li><p>When <span style="color: rgb(125, 119, 252);"><strong><span>pH &lt; pKa</span></strong></span>, the protonated form (HA) dominates.</p></li><li><p>At <span style="color: rgb(125, 119, 252);"><strong><span>pH = pKa</span></strong></span>, concentrations of HA and A⁻ are equal</p></li></ul><p></p>
5
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amino acid

R group varies

  • amino group= weak base

  • carboxyl group=weak acid

    • both can ionize depending on pH


<p>R group varies </p><ul><li><p>amino group= weak base</p></li><li><p>carboxyl group=weak acid</p><ul><li><p>both can ionize depending on pH</p></li></ul></li></ul><p></p>
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How to find R group?

  1. find a.a

  2. NH3, COO-, H, whatever is attached to this is the R


7
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acidic amino acids

extra -COOH group

  • deprot.


8
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basic amino acids

N in the R group

  • prot.


9
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nonpolar amino acids

hydrocarbons (C+H)

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polar amino acids

-OH in the R group

11
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how are amino acids linked?

peptide bonds

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peptide bonds

  • N terminal is always the start (a.a)

  • C terminal is the end (carboxyl)

  • bond is C-N after C=O


<ul><li><p>N terminal is always the start (a.a)</p></li><li><p>C terminal is the end (carboxyl)</p></li><li><p><mark data-color="yellow" style="background-color: yellow; color: inherit;">bond is C-N </mark><strong><mark data-color="yellow" style="background-color: yellow; color: inherit;">after</mark></strong><mark data-color="yellow" style="background-color: yellow; color: inherit;"> C=O</mark></p></li></ul><p></p>