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Ideology
Core beliefs or morals that guide an individual's views on politics and society.
How Ideology Changes
Socialization influences ideology through factors such as religion, personal experiences, and culture.
Party Identity
The political party that aligns most closely with an individual’s moral and legal views.
How Party Identity Changes
Party identity can shift based on the candidates that run for office and their platforms.
Natural Rights
Rights that are inherent and not granted by the government; the government's role is to protect them.
Popular Sovereignty
Government legitimacy comes from the consent of the governed, not divine right.
Social Contract
The agreement where people limit some rights to live peacefully in society.
Republicanism
The principle that government should be representative, elected by the people.
Issues with Social Contract
Balancing how many natural rights should be relinquished for social order.
Issues with Popular Sovereignty
Risks of tyranny of the majority in a direct democracy.
Issues with Republicanism
Ensuring representatives act in the public's interest and are not tyrannical.
Limited Government
A government with defined limits to protect rights without being tyrannical.
Participatory Democracy
A system favoring broad participation in political processes and popular sovereignty.
Pluralist Democracy
A democracy where groups influence policy by aggregating interests and ideas.
Elite Democracy
A system with limited public involvement, where elected elites make decisions.
Articles of Confederation
The framework that maintained order, provided for trade, and responded to emergencies.
Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation
No power to tax, no military, no national court system, and no ability to coin money.
Structural Issues of the Articles
State-appointed delegates, high voting thresholds, and unanimous consent for amendments.
Shays' Rebellion
An event that highlighted the need for a stronger federal government.
Federalists
Advocates for a stronger central government with checks and balances; supporters of the Constitution.
Anti-Federalists
Individuals who feared centralization of power and loss of state autonomy; demanded more protections for individual rights.
Brutus 1
An argument against a strong centralized government fearing loss of liberty.
Fed 10
James Madison's argument that a strong central government could better manage factions and prevent tyranny.
Three Branches
Legislative, Executive, and Judicial branches, each with distinct powers and responsibilities.
Purpose of Separation of Powers
To prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful, ensuring a balanced government.
Federalist 51
James Madison’s framework for checks and balances to safeguard against corruption and abuse of power.
Note 
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