UNIT 2 AOS 3

KK 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12

Employment cycle definition

all stages in the process of employing staff, from initial planning through recruitment, selection, induction, performance management and eventual termination of employment

Explain establishment phase of employment cycle

recruitment/ selection/ staff planning in line with business strategy

Explain maintenance phase of employment cycle

induction/ training and development/ performance management

Explain termination phase of employment cycle

termination management voluntary or involuntary 

Staffing definition

The process of finding and preparing the right employee for a position in the business

Human resource management definition

The effective management of the formal relationship between the employer and employees

What is a business objective?

A desired outcome or specific result that a business intends to achieve

Performance of staff definition

How well the job activities of employees are carried out

Staffing needs definition

The human resource requirements of a business

Human resource planning definition

The process of determining current and future staffing needs for a business and the development of strategies to meet those needs

Explain staffing needs

Labour intensive : when a business uses a high degree of employee involvement during it’s production process

Capital intensive : when a business uses a high degree of machinery nad equipment during it’s production process

Explain staff skills and knowledge

Knowledge : the theoretical or practical understanding of a specific subject

Skill : the ability to complete a specific task to a certain level of quality

Explain staff ideas

A diverse workforce includes individuals of different genders, ethnicities and ages that have unique personal and professional experiences that can contribute new ideas in the workplace 

Define E - business

The internet to conduct the full range business activities

Effects software have on staffing needs

The programs used on computers and other electronic devices 

• flexible working arrangements 

• businesses require fewer staff as it’s faster than human labour

Effects AI have on staffing needs

Software that is able to mimic the behaviour of humans, AI is a powerful tool that allows machines to perform functions that would otherwise require human input

• reduce staff requirements

• automated recruitment processes

Effects robotics have on staffing needs

Programmable machines that are capable of performing specified tasks

• require less staff to process customer purchases

• automated production lines 

Job analysis definition

The study of an employee’s job in order to determine the duties performed, the time involved with each of those duties, the responsibilities involved and the equipment required

Job description definition

A written statement describing the employee’s duties, tasks and responsibilities associated with the job

Job specification definition

A list of key qualifications needed to perform a particular job in terms of education level, skills, knowledge and level of experience

Job design definition 

Details the number, kind and variety of tasks that individual employees perform in their jobs and may be designed so they include a variety of task to keep employee interested and motivated 

Define recruitment 

The process of attracting qualified job applicants by using advertising, websites, employment agency and word of mouth, from which to select the most appropriate person for specific job

What is internal recruitment?

The process of filling job vacancies with existing staff

• Intranet

• Word of mouth

Advantages and disadvantages of internal recruitment

Advantages : are similar with employees

Disadvantages : limited number of candidates

What is external recruitment?

The process of filling job vacancies with individuals outside of the business

• Websites

• Online recruitment agencies 

Advantages and disadvantages of external recruitment

Advantages : access to multiple candidates

Disadvantages : time spent training new employees

Define selection

The process of choosing the candidates who best matches the businesses requirements 

What is an interview + advantage/ disadvantage?

A meeting that occurs between an employer and a job candidate to determine whether the candidate has the necessary knowledge, skills and ideas to perform the job 

Advantages : opportunity to see candidate’s ability to think under pressure

Disadvantage : time consuming 

What is psychological testing + advantages/ disadvantages?

A scientific method of examining a job applicants behavioural style and reasoning skills 

Advantages : tests can administered quickly

Disadvantages : candidates may not provide honest responses in order to present themselves as more suitable for the role

What is work testing + advantage/ disadvantages?

The process of administering practical or written assessments to determine the suitability of a job candidate for a position 

Advantage : multiple candidates can be assessed at once 

Disadvantage : have to pay them for their time 

What is online selection + advantage/ disadvantages?

Choosing an employee based on online forms competed by the applicants 

Advantage : candidates can conveniently complete their online application when it suits them 

Disadvantages : it’s not a method to use by itself 

What is full time permanent employment?

An ongoing employment contract that includes all legally required entitlements

• 38 hours per week

• 4 weeks annual leave

What is part time permanent employment?

Working fewer ordinary weekly or monthly hours compared to full time employees

• Less than 38 hours

• Paid salary

What is casual employment?

Workers employed on an hourly basis 

• Hours can vary weekly, fortnightly, monthly

What is fixed term contract?

Employment offered for a specific period 

What is the National Employment Standard?

The minimum entitlements an employer owes it’s employees which are set out in the Fair Work Act 2009

Explain awards and agreements

Awards : legal documents that outline the minimum wages and conditions of work for employees across an entire industry 

Agreements : legal documents that outline the wages and conditions of employees and are applicable to a particular business or group of business 

The National Employment Standard includes….

• Hours of work

• Parental leave 

• Requests to convert from casual to permanent employment 

• Flexible working arrangements 

• Annual leave

• Personal leave 

• Community service leave

• Long service leave

• Public holidays

• Notice and redundancy pay

Employers expectations: contracts of employment (enterprise agreements)

A legal document which outlines the wages and conditions of work for employees with in a business

• Enterprise agreements : an agreement that has been directly negotiated between an employer and employees of a business or enterprise

Employers expectations: business loyalty

The employees being committed to support the business in achieving its objectives 

Employers expectations: terms of notice

The amount of time an employee must provide the business before leaving

• Full time : 4 weeks

• Part time : 2 to 4 weeks

• Causal : none

Employee expectations : conditions of employment

What an employer has agreed to give the employee in return for the work of the employee such as sick leave

Employee expectations : remuneration

Monetary payment in return for the work an employee performs such as a wage 

Employee expectations : job security

The belief that the employee will not lose their job 

Employee expectations : work life balance 

Achieving the right amount of time for work and for personal or family life 

Employee expectations : flexible working conditions

Conditions that allow employees to balance work and family responsibilities more effectively such as work from home arrangements

What does Occupational Health and safety entail?

The protection of the health and safety of employees in the workplace and is regulated by the Occupational Health and safety Act 2004 (VIC)

• Provide safe systems of work

• Provide adequate facilities 

What does equal employment opportunities entail?

The fair treatment and participantion of all individuals in the workplace and regulated by Victorian Equal Opportunity + Human Rights Commission

What does the Victorian Equal Opportunity + Human Rights Commission do?

Assist employers in understanding their legal obligations under the Act by providing education and support and helps people resolve complaints of discrimination encountered in workplace 

Employee induction meaning

The process of introducing a new employee to the business

Methods of employee induction

• E learning : modules, interactive instructions, videos 

• On job training : job shadowing

• Mentoring : advice of how to perform tasks 

• Induction pack : documents outline policy + procedures 

• Meetings with key staff : introducing to people 

Define corporate social responsibility

The ethical conduct of a business beyond legal obligations, and the considerations of social, economic and environmental impacts when making business decisions 

CSR when recruiting 

• Gender balanced workplace

• Hiring diverse staff

• Hiring members of disadvantaged groups

CSR in employment

• Providing generous remuneration 

• Providing staff with healthcare

• Encouraging staff participate in volunteer work