Comprehensive Vocabulary Review from Lecture Notes

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering topics from tourism economics and plant biology to Pacific archaeology, wildfire management, psychology, and evolutionary theory based on the provided lecture transcript.

World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC)

An international organization (Hội đồng Du lịch và Lữ hành Thế giới) that monitors the economic and social importance of the travel industry.

Gross output

The total value of goods and services produced, often used as a measure for the world economy.

Diversity and fragmentation

The characteristic of the travel industry involving varied segments like accommodation, food services, and transportation.

Institutionalised way of life

A lifestyle or practice that has become deeply embedded and common within a society, such as modern tourism.

Domestic tourism

Tourism involving residents of one country traveling only within that country.

Chlorophyll

A pigment in plants that captures sunlight to convert energy into building materials to facilitate growth.

Anthocyanins

Water-soluble plant pigments that produce brilliant red and purple colors in leaves during autumn.

Flavonoids

A class of sugar-based compounds to which anthocyanins belong.

Light screen hypothesis

The theory suggesting that certain pigments protect chlorophyll from light-absorbing chemicals during nutrient deficiency or low temperatures.

Archaeological discovery

The finding of physical remains, such as a burial ground or traces of ancient seafaring people, to investigate history.

Lapita

The name given to an ancient seafaring people identified as pioneers of Pacific migration.

Oral histories

Historical information passed down through speech and stories rather than written records, often turning into myths over time.

Prevailing trade winds

Consistent winds that blow in a specific direction, which helped ancient voyagers navigate the Pacific.

El Niños

Unusually frequent climate disruptions that reverse the regular flow of trade winds.

Megafires

Also known as siege fires, these are wildfires that burn significantly large areas, often over $500,000\,acres$.

Tinder

Dry materials like grass or twigs that act as an oversupply of fuel for bigger, hotter fires.

Unintentional consequence

An unforeseen result of an action, such as how stopping small wildfires can lead to the accumulation of underbrush fuel.

Fire-prone ecosystems

Natural environments that are highly susceptible to catching fire, especially during droughts.

Reshape one’s temperament

The process of changing or refining an individual's natural character or personality traits.

Inherently introverted/extroverted

Being naturally focused inward (quiet) or outward (more outgoing) from birth or a young age.

Evolutionary throwback

Commonly known as an 'atavism,' it is the reappearance of a trait from a distant ancestor after it has been absent for generations.

Dollo’s law

The principle proposing that evolution is irreversible and that a species cannot return to a previous stage.

Silent genes

Genes that are 'switched off' and remain inactive in a population, though they may carry data for long-lost traits.

Metamorphose

The biological process by which an organism, such as a salamander, transforms from a juvenile state to an adult form.

Demographic

Relating to the structure of populations, often used when discussing growth in urban centres.

Vertical farming

A concept in agriculture using multi-storey buildings to allow for year-round, sustainable food production.