Test 2

Id

Most primitive part of personality, present at birth, driven by basic instincts and pleasure principle.

Superego

Socially developed aspect of personality, embodies morals and values, acts as a counterbalance to the Id.

Ego

Mediates between the Id and Superego, operates on the reality principle, aims to satisfy needs without conflicting with morals.

Defense Mechanisms

Psychological strategies like repression, denial, rationalization, projection, reaction formation, and sublimation to cope with conflicts.

Stages of Psychosexual Development

Sequential stages (oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital) influencing personality development from infancy to puberty.

Sensation Seeking

Desire for new, varied experiences; can lead to exciting lives but may also result in risky behaviors or addiction if unmanaged.

Life Instincts

Drives that sustain life by motivating individuals to seek food, water, and engage in sexual activities for self and species survival.

Death Instinct

Unconscious desire for peace through death; aggressive impulses redirected outwardly as a compulsion to destroy.

Repression

Unconscious act of excluding thoughts from consciousness, including painful memories or impulses.

Denial

Refusal to accept reality or acknowledge a situation.

Projection

Attributing one's unacceptable impulses or qualities to others.

Rationalization

Justifying behaviors with acceptable reasons, even if the true motives are unacceptable.

Intellectualization

Detached, analytical thinking to avoid emotional distress.

Reaction Formation

Defense mechanism replacing unacceptable impulses with their opposites.

Regression

Reverting to earlier psychosexual stages under stress.

Personality

Shaped by unconscious processes, structured by the Id, Ego, and Superego.

Freud’s Theory of Psychoanalysis

Focuses on unconscious motives, instincts, and the structure of the mind.

Testosterone Cycles

Hormonal fluctuations in response to success, competition, and social interactions.

Oxytocin

Hormone promoting relaxation, bonding, and social connections.

Behavioral Approach System (BAS)

Brain structures driving approach behaviors towards incentives and positive emotions.

Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS)

Associated with anxiety, avoidance, and sensitivity to threats, involving brain structures like the amygdala.

Sensation Seeking Function

Regulates response to stimulus intensity, influencing behavior in varying stimulation conditions.

Serotonin

Neurotransmitter linked to impulse control, affect management, and personality traits.

Anxiety

Aversive inner state, categorized by Freud into reality, neurotic, and moral anxiety types.