Heart Rate, Cardiac Output, and Stroke Volume

These flashcards cover the definitions and calculations related to heart rate, cardiac output, and stroke volume, which are key concepts in understanding cardiovascular physiology.

Heart Rate

The number of heartbeats per minute, typically between 60 to 100 beats per minute at rest.

Cardiac Output

The volume of blood pumped by the heart in one minute, averaging around five liters at rest, increasing with physical activity.

Stroke Volume

The volume of blood pumped by the heart in one heartbeat, approximately 70 milliliters per beat.

Systolic Volume

The volume of blood in the ventricles at the end of contraction.

End Diastolic Volume

The volume of blood in the ventricles at the end of filling or diastole.

End Systolic Volume

The volume of blood remaining in the ventricles after contraction.

Stroke Volume Calculation

Stroke Volume = End Diastolic Volume - End Systolic Volume.

Typical End Diastolic Volume

Approximately 120 milliliters of blood.

Typical End Systolic Volume

Approximately 50 milliliters of blood.