Studied by 10 people
Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.
site
Physical characteristics of a location, including land, labor, capital
situation
The location of a place relative to another place
Central Business District
The area of a city where retail and office activities are clustered.
urbanization
Movement of people from rural areas to cities
megacities
Cities with more than 10 million people
metacities
A new term used to describe cities that have 20 million or more people
core area
the national or world districts of concentrated economic power, wealth, innovation, and advanced technology
periphery
countries in the world systems theory that are characterized by processes that involve unskilled labor, low levels of infrastructure, and government corruption.
semi-periphery
The industrializing, mostly capitalist countries which are positioned between the periphery and core countries
suburbanization
Movement of upper and middle-class people from urban core areas to the surrounding outskirts to escape pollution and social conditions
urban sprawl
The uncontrolled expansion of urban areas.
urban decentralization
metropolitan areas sprawl in all directions and suburbs take on many of the characteristics of traditional downtowns
edge city
A large node of office and retail activities on the edge of an urban area, usually by a road.
exurb
Small communities lying beyond the suburbs of a city
boomburb
a suburban area experiencing significant growth in population and prosperity
world city
Centers of economic, culture, and political activity that are strongly interconnected and together control the global systems of finance and commerce.
urban hierarchy
A ranking of settlements according to their size and economic functions.
globalization
Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope.
rank-size rule
A pattern of settlements in a country, such that the nth largest settlement is 1/n the population of the largest settlement.
primate city
a city that dominates a country's economy, culture, and government and in which population is concentrated; usually the capital
gravity model
A mathematical formula that describes the level of interaction between two places, based on the size of their populations and their distance from each other.
Christaller's Central Place Theory
A theory that explains the distribution of services and settlements, that larger settlements are fewer and farther apart than smaller settlements and provide services for a larger number of people who are willing to travel farther.
Central Place
A market center for the exchange of goods and services by people attracted from the surrounding area
threshold
The minimum number of people needed to support a central place
High order goods
specialized items such as cars, furniture, fine jewelry, and household appliances that are bought less often; large range and threshold
Low order goods
Goods purchased more frequently, less expensive made as quick purchases
range
The maximum distance people are willing to travel to use a service.
Concentric-zone model
A structural model of the American central city that suggests the existence of five concentric land-use rings arranged around a common center.
Sector model
A model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are arranged around a series of sectors, or wedges, radiating out from the central business district (CBD).
Multiple Nuclei Model
A model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are arranged around a collection of nodes of activities.
Galactic city model
A collection of urban and suburban areas, all dispersed but connected by highways, that have become highly specialized
bid-rent theory
a geographical economic theory to how the price and demand on real estate changes as the distance towards the CBD increases
Latin American City Model
Griffin-Ford: The CBD is dominant; it is divided into a market sector and a modern high-rise sector. The elite residential sector is on the extension of the CBD in the "spine". The further out, less wealthy it gets. The poorest are on the outer edge.
Southeast Asian City Model
Terry (T.G.) McGee: A theory on SE Asian cities, where its focal point is the old colonial port zone. The model also does not find any CBD in Asia, but rather he found elements of the CBD present as separate clusters surrounding the port zone.
African City Model
De Blij: A model that suggests that African cities have more than one CBD, heavily influenced by colonial powers
infilling
The process by which population density in an urban center is increased by building on waste land or underused land.
infrastructure
Fundamental facilities and systems serving a country, city, or area, as transportation and communication systems, power plants, and schools
Sustainable Design Initiatives
Communities that use smart growth and green building techniques to create neighborhoods that are economically thriving and environmentally responsible
zoning
A planning tool used to separate industry and business from residential neighborhoods.
sustainable design zoning
The implementation of sustainable and environmentally friendly methods into zoning
mixed land use
More than one type of zoning, such as a condominium that has residential and commercial units.
urban walkability
The process of making an urban area friendly for walking
transportation-oriented development
A mixed-use residential and commercial area designed to maximize access to public transport, and often incorporates features to encourage transit ridership.
smart growth policies
Legislation and regulations to limit suburban sprawl and preserve farmland.
New Urbanism
A movement in urban planning to promote mixed use commercial and residential development and pedestrian friendly, community orientated cities.
greenbelts
A ring of land maintained as parks, agriculture, or other types of open space to limit the sprawl of an urban area.
slow-growth cities
urban communities where the planners have put into place smart growth initiatives to decrease the rate it sprawls
de facto segregation
Indirect segregation that occurs because of social and economic differences, NOT by laws
historical character
A site that is historical in nature that can often be marginalized because of new urban designs
place character
A sense of uniqueness that can also be erased as a result of new urban designs
quantitative data
Data that usually is associated with numbers, such as the census
census data
Geospatial and demographic data collected through the quantification of a population
survey data
A poll in which researchers ask respondents a series of questions about a specific topic and record their responses
qualitative data
Data associated with a more humanistic approach to geography, often collected through interviews, empirical observations
field study
a research investigation carried out by visiting a location and investigating
field narrative
conducting field study by looking at journals, photos, or narratives of other individuals
housing discrimination
The illegal practice of denying an individual or group the right to buy or rent a home based on race, color, religion, national origin, sex, disability or family status.
redlining
A process by which banks draw lines on a map and refuse to lend money to purchase, usually to minority groups
blockbusting
A process by which real estate agents convince white property owners to sell their houses at low prices because of fear that persons of color will soon move into the neighborhood
housing affordability
an increase in cost that occurs in urban areas that usually affects minority groups
environmental injustice
refers to how minorities and the poor are harmed the most by environmental pollution in urban areas
disamenity zone
The poorest parts of cities that in extreme cases are not connected to regular city services and are controlled by gangs and drug lords.
zone of abandonment
areas that have been deserted in a city for economic or environmental reasons
squatter settlement
An area within a city in a less developed country in which people illegally establish residences on land they do not own or rent and erect homemade structures.
land tenure
the rules and arrangements connected with owning land, especially land that is used for farming
urban renewal
rebuilding of the poor areas of a city
Brownfields
contaminated industrial or commercial sites that may require environmental cleanup before they can be redeveloped or expanded
Gentrification
The renovation of deteriorated, often abandoned, housing of low-income inner-city residents.
Note 
Flashcard (263)