Ch9- Module 2

Why Do We Sleep?

Only _______ animlas exhibit clear REM sleep

warm-blooded

Animals that use unihemispheric slow-wave sleep

1. Marine mammals (bottlenose dolphin, porpoise)

2. Birds (mallard ducks)

What were the effects of sleep deprivation on rats?

1. Stopped grooming

2. Weak & uncoordinated

3. Inability to regulate body temperature

4. Increase food intake and Increased weight loss

5. Death

Damage to the _________ causes insomnia

basal forebrain

What adverse health outcomes are associated with sleep deprivation?

1. Weight gain & Obesity

2. Diabetes

3. Hypertension

4. Heart disease

5. Stroke

6. Depression

7. Impaired immune function

8. Increased pain

9. Greater risk of accidents

What are the adverse cognitive effects of sleep deprivation?

1. Perceptual distortions & Hallucinations

2. Concentration issues

3. Impaired emotional facial recognition

The primary function of slow-wave sleep is_______________

to permit the brain to rest

Slow-wave sleep and REM sleep both contribute to _____________

learning

_________ sleep appears to promote brain development

REM

What stages of sleep are prioritized over others when recovering from sleep deprivation?

Slow-Wave (68%) & REM (53%)

Fatal familial insomnia results from damage to the ________

thalamus

What are the symptoms of fatal familial insomnia?

1. Attention & Memory deficits

2. Dreamlike, confused states

3. Loss of autonomic nervous system + endocrine system control

4. Increased body temperature

5. Insomnia

6. Reduced sleep spindles and K complexes

7. Disappearance of slow-wave sleep

8. Brief episodes of REM sleep

9. Death within 12 months of progressions

Sleep enhances the removal of other neurotoxins from the brain through the __________

glymphatic system

Slow-wave sleep is most intense in the _________ during non-REM sleep

frontal lobes

Slow-wave sleep increases after increased levels of -___________ exercise

mental

What does the rebound phenomenon indicate?

The need for a certain amount of REM sleep; occurs after REM sleep deprivation

Which form of sleep is more involved in the consolidation of nondeclarative memory?

REM sleep

Which form of sleep is more involved in the consolidation of declarative memory?

Slow-wave sleep

Hippocampal activity during sleep is associated with _________ sleep

slow-wave

The brain rehearses newly learned information during _________ sleep

slow-wave