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purposes of punishment
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deterrence
something that discourages or is intended to discourage someone from doing something
retribution
refers to punishment that is considered to be morally right or deserved based on the nature of the crime. similar to the concept revenge.
rehabilitation
purpose designed to reform (to change) the defender to prevent them committing offences in the future.
incapacitation
makes an offender not able to do anything and not commit other crimes by restricting their freedom. incapacitation includes imprisonment or loss of drivers license.