The Scientific Revolution

HIS1320101 Western Civ: 1650-Present

What is the Scientific Revolution

The emergence of modern science during the early modern period, characterized by developments in mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology, and chemistry.

Where did the scientific method occur?

Occurred in the west and created a sense of western superiority and global imbalance

Who was Nicolaus Copernicus?

Lived For: 1473-1543

A Polish church official and astronomer who proposed Heliocentric System and Copernicanism

What is the Heliocentric System

It was the idea that the sun is at the center of the universe and not the Earth

What book(s) is Nicolaus Copernicus known for?

He was known for On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Sphere

Who was Ptomely

The man who formulate the geocentric Ptolemaic system

Tycho Brahe

Lived 1546-1601

Created the Tychonic system

Was facilitated by the Danish King Friedrich II

Became the court astronomer for the Roman Emperor Rudolph II in Prague

Johannes Kepler

Lived: 1571-1630

A German astronomer
Created 3 Laws

1st: Planets travel in an elliptical orbit

2nd: Speed is related to the proximity to the sun (The law of equal areas)

3rd: comparison of multiple objects

Galileo Galilee

Lived: 1564 -1642

Italian astronomer and physicist

A key supporter of Copernicus and Kepler

Improved the spyglass (telescope)

What book was Galileo known for?

His most famous work is Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems.

What significant contribution was Galileo known for?

Physics

What idea did Galileo propose?

He formulated the concept Inertia

Sir Issac Newton

Lived 1642-1727

English Mathematician, Philosopher, physicist, and astronomer

Regarded as the GOAT of scientists

Stayed at Cambridge for nearly 35 years

What Did Sir Issac Newton Prove

Proved that naturals govern both the laws of heaven and earth

What books is Sir Issac Newton known for?

Mathematical Principals of Natural Philosophy

Optiks Reflections Refractions Inflections and colors

What 2 things came out of the Scientific Revolution

Printing Press

The First Peer Reviewed Journal

What was the name of the first peer reviewed journal called

The Philosophical Transactions

What did Musilim Scholars do

Translated ancient text to arabic

Major advancements in medicine math science and philosophy.

How did the intro to paper came to be?

It began in china in 100 BCE

Muslims introduced it to the west

It was created to spread scientific knowledge

New Professions: Paper Maker and Scribes

When did the age of Enlightenment begin?

Approx. middle of 17th century to late 18th century

Who was Thomas Hobbes

Lived 1588-1679

English Philosopher

He believed that the people should be ruled by one absolute ruler(s)

Believed failure to do so would cause civil wars

State of Nature

John Locke

Lived 1632 -1704

English Philosopher

He believed in humans were born in a state of absolute freedom.

Father of Enlightenment

Spent most of his time in France and Holland