Earth Science Topic 4 Beginning

An imaginary line that through the North and South Pole that a planet, star or moon rotates

Axis

a group of stars that form a pattern in the night sky such as the big dipper

Constellation

The deflection of moving particles to the right in the Northern hemisphere and to the left in the Southern hemisphere due to Earth's rotation.

Coriolis effect

- the time of year when the sun is directly overhead at the equator and every point on earth revives 12 hours of light and 12 hours of darkness.

Equinox

a freely swinging pendulum whose path appears to change in a predictable direction due to the Earth's rotation. Used to predict Earth's rotation.

Focault Pendulum

- a model of the solar system that places Earth at the center and objects orbit the earth, no longer accepted

Geocentric Model

a models of the solar system that places the Sun at the of the solar system and object orbit the sun, accepted model

Heliocentric model

- the darkening of the moon by earth's shadow

Lunar eclipse

- the moon blocks the sun's light and creates a shadow on earth, earth is in the moons shadow

Solar eclipse

- the two times during the year when the sun is directly overhead at 23.5⁰ N or23.5⁰ S of the equator.

Solstice

- on June 21 when the sun is directly overhead at 23.5⁰ N latitude and the northern hemisphere experiences the longest amount of daylight

Summer solstice

on December 21 when the sun is directly overhead at 23.5⁰ S latitude and the southern hemisphere experiences the longest amount of daylight

Winter solstice

An imaginary sphere surrounding the Earth on which celestial objects appear to be located.

Celestial sphere

altitude of sun and polaris

Celestial sphere shows

east

stars (sun) rise in the

west

stars (sun) set in the

axis

Earth spins on an

right

Objects moving in the northern hemisphere deflect to the

left

Objects moving in the southern hemisphere deflect to the