________ are atoms or non- amino acid molecules that are permanently attached to proteins.
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Coenzymes
________ are organic molecules that reversibly interact with enzymes.
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Active site binding
________ helps substrates to collide in a precise orientation so that particular bonds can break and new bonds can form to generate products.
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Adenosine triphosphate
________ (ATP) is a ribonucleotide used for RNA synthesis, but it is more commonly known for its ability to make things happen in cells.
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Cofactors
________ are inorganic ions, such as the metal ions Zn2+ (zinc), Mg2+ (magnesium), and Fe2+ (iron), that reversibly interact with enzymes.
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phosphorylation
The addition of a phosphate group to a molecule is called ________.
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Reduction
________ Is Gain of electrons.
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transition state
The ________ is the intermediate point between breaking old bonds and forming new ones.
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regulatory molecule
The ________ is similar in size and shape to the enzymes natural substrate and inhibits catalysis by binding to the enzymes active site which is a tactic called competitive inhibition.
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Oxidation
________ Is Loss of electrons.
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Enzymes
________ are catalysts- they bring substrates together in a precise orientation that makes reactions more likely to occur.
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Gibbs
To determine whether a chemical reaction is spontaneous, its necessary to assess the amount of energy in the reaction available to do work- what chemists call ________ free energy.
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Redox reactions
________ represent the energetic coupling of two half reactions, one exergonic and one endergonic.
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chemical reaction
When reactants undergo a(n) ________ by binding to an enzyme, they are referred to as substrates.
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higher potential energy
If heat is taken up during the reaction, generating products that have ________ than the reactants, the reaction is endothermic and change in H is positive.
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regulatory molecule
The ________ binds at a location other than the active site and changes the shape of the enzyme.
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First law of thermodynamics
the first law is that energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only be transferred and transformed
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Kinetic energy
Energy of motion
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Potential energy
Energy that is stored in position or configuration
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Flashcard (85)