B3.1.3

Why is it important to maintain concentration gradients during gas exchange?

It ensures a continuous supply of oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide.

What is the significance of ventilation in gas exchange?

Ventilation replenishes oxygen in the lungs or gills, helping to maintain the concentration gradient.

What structures in the lungs facilitate gas exchange?

Alveoli are the structures that allow for the removal of carbon dioxide and the uptake of oxygen.

How do fish maintain gas exchange in water?

Fish use gills that are ventilated with water, ensuring fresh oxygen-rich water is in contact with the gill filaments.

What are the four key mechanisms for maintaining concentration gradients

Dense networks of blood vessels, continuous blood flow, and ventilation.

What is the overall importance of maintaining concentration gradients at gas exchange surfaces?

It is essential for efficient gas exchange.

What does diffusion rely on in the context of gas exchange?

Diffusion relies on the movement of gases from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.

What happens to oxygenated blood in the gas exchange process?

Oxygenated blood is quickly carried away from the exchange surfaces.

How does blood flow affect the concentration of gases in the blood?

Continuous blood flow replaces oxygen-rich blood with deoxygenated blood, preventing gas concentrations from equilibrating.