Carbohydrate terms and types - Bio Unit 1

Monomer for carbohydrate is called

Monosaccharide

Dimer as a carbohydrate is called

Disaccharide

Polymer as a carbohydrate

Polysaccharide

Glucose

a monosaccharide

Fructose

Is a simple sugar, monosaccharide

Galactose

Is a simple sugar, monosaccharide

Sucrose

Is a polysaccharide, made of glucose + fructose

Dissachares/polysaccharides are bonded together by..

Dehydration synthesis and forms covalent bond called glycosidic linkage between monosaccharides

Starch

Is a polysaccharide, and is a energy storage polysaccharide made of glucose monomers

Energy storing polysaccharides

Have branching structural chains

Structural polysaccharides

Have straight and no branching structures that are parallel and linear. It’s bonded through H-bonding

Glycogen

Is a polysaccharide, that animals use to store sugars, made glucose monomers

to break glucose molecules from polysaccharides…

Hydrolysis reactions occur when energy is needed

Lactose

Is a polysaccharide made of galactose + fructose

Cellulose example is

Plant cell walls of glucose monomers. Ex, cellery structure

Cellulose another example

Chiton, structural polysaccharides for exterior shells of animals

Maltose

polysaccharide

Cellulose

Is a polysaccharide, a structural polysaccharide made of glucose monomers

Glycosidic linkage

Is a bond formed between oxygen and carbon to connect monosaccharides together to make polysaccharides through dehydration reaction

carbohydrates made up of

C, H, O

Carbohydrate molecular ratio is

1:2:1

All Simple sugars have…

The same molecular formula of C6H12O6.

Simple sugars have same molecular formula…. But…

all are isomers, thus have different functions/properties

Are sugars polar

Yes