Lesson 3: DATA MANAGEMENT

Data Management

Is the development, execution, and supervision of plans, policies, programs, and practices that control, protect, deliver, and enhance the value of data and information assets

Data Management

The administrative process by which data is acquired, validated, stored, protected, and processed and by which its accessibility, reliability, and timeliness is ensured to satisfy the needs of the data users.

Statistics

A branch of mathematics dealing with the collection, organization, presentation, analysis, and interpretation of data

Data gathering

Methods in gathering or collecting data

Direct or Interview Method

Indirect or Questionnaire

Registration Method

Observation Method

Experimental method

5 types of data gathering

Direct of Interview method

A person-to-person encounter between the soudce of information, interviewee, and the oke who gathers

Indirect or Questionnaire method

Thisbis where they use questionnaire to elicit information or data needed

Registration method

When information is gathered from records from a government agency authorized by law to keep such data or information and made thse available by the researcher.

Observation Method

The technnique in which data is obtained from observation

Experimental Method

The method used to gather results of performed series of experiment conducted in both controlled and experimental environments

Raw data

Data collected and obtained from wherever are called

Nominal

Ordinal

Ratio

Interval

4 levels of measurements

Nominal Scale

Categorical Data

Nominal Scale

Assigns labels and names to observation in purely arbitrary sequence

Nominal Scale

Classifies data in a non-overlapping scale

Nominal Scale

Labels are used to classify respondents

Ordinal Scale

Assigns numbers or labels in observations with implied ordering

Ordinal scale

Ranking respondents preferences

Interval Scale

Assigns real numbers to observations to reflect distance between rank position of the respondents or objects in equal units

Interval Scale

The scale gives the distance between two real numbers of known sizes, has a 0 value, and has a unit of measurement

Interval scale

The data collected is manipulated algebraically by addition and subtraction but not division and multiplication

Ratio scale

Assigns numbers to observations and has true absolute zero as its origin

Ratio scale

A value comparing one value to another, ratio

Ratio scale

The data collected has all properties of interval scale and may be manipulated algebraically through mutilplication and division

Ratio Scale

The ratio of two-scale point is ____ of the unit measurement

Textual

Graphical

Tabular

Different ways to form or present data

Textual

Makes use of words, paragraphs and sentences

Tabular

Makes use of table of rows and columns to present data

textual

Commonly used when there are only FEW NUMERICAL data to be enumerated or compared

Tabular

Used when related numerical facts should be arranged in arrays

Graphical

Numerical values and relationships in pictorial form

Graphical

Makes use of graphs and visual aids

Heading: Title and Headnote

Boxhead

Stub

Foot note

Source note

Parts of tabular presentation

Boxhead

Contains column heads

Heading

Has title, and headnote

Stub

The first column from the left

Footnote

Statement inserted at the bottom of the table

Source note

The source in which you got the table

Line graph

Bar graph

Pictograph

Pie graph

Different types of graphs based on purpose

Line graph

Is used when data covers a long period of time, several series are compared 

Movements are to be emphasized 

Trends are to be established 

Estimates are to be forecasted

Bar graph

• Is used when numerical values of an item over a period of time are compared.

Bar graph

It consists of regular bars where the height of bars represents quantity or frequency for each category.

Pictogram

Is used to immediately suggest the nature of data

Pie graph

Used to show percentages of a whole

Used for a single set of data

Accurate

The dimensional aspects should reflect the highest degree of accuracy possible within the practical limits imposed by expert draftsman or the electronic computer being used.

Accurate

It should not be deceptive, distorted or misleading or in any way susceptible to wrong interpretation as a result of careless or careless construction.

Simple

The basic design should be simple and straightforward and not loaded with irrelevant, or trivial symbols and ornamentation

Clear

It should be easily read and understood 

There should be a forceful, and unmistakable focus of the message that the graph is trying to communicate and there should be a truthful and unambiguous representation of the facts and that the message it conveys is meaningful. 

Attractive

It is designed and constructed to attract and hold the attention by holding a neat, dignified, and professional appearance.