HORT Exam 1

was lignin crucial for structural support in plants

true

did olives, grapes, and citrus play a significant role in mediterranean agriculture

true

did bryophytes, such as mosses, lack vascular tissues

true

is horticulture important for supporting biodiversity by cultivating diverse plant species

true

was Coksonia an early example of vascular plant

true

which plant group reproduces by spores and became dominated by during the Carboniferous Period

Ferns

plants help mitigate climate change through:

carbon sequestration

Mendel’s work laid the foundation for:

scientific plant breeding

Bryophtes depend on ____ environments

moist

the edible seeds of pinyon pine are found inside:

cones

roots primarily function in:

water and nutrient uptake

one major challenge early plants faced on land was

desiccation

india made important contributions through the cultivation of:

spices such as turmeric and black pepper

which scientist’s experiment demonstrated amino acid synthesis under early earth conditions

Miller_urey

which innovation reduced dependence on water for fertilization

pollen

generally speaking, all plants have the same type of vascular tissues in their stems

true

the epidermis of a stem is primarily responsible for photosynthesis

false

the cytoplasm in plant cells is responsible for housing all organelles and facilitating intracellular processes

true

the function of stomata is to control gas exchange and water loss in leaves

true

the vacuole stores water, nutrients, and waste products in plant cells

true

what is the basic unit of life in plants

cell

the Casparian strip forces water to:

pass through plasma membranes

which process converts light energy into chemical energy

photosynthesis

which type of leaf venation is characteristic of monocots

parallel

cactus spines are modified:

leaves

transpiration is the:

loss of water vapor from leaves

the plasma membrane is:

selectively permeable

what tissue transports sugars

phloem

what combination best describes olive leaves

narrow, leathery, and evergreen

olive leaves are adapted to drought because they have:

thick cuticles and dense trichomes

secondary growth is responsible for the formation of new leaves and flowers in plants

false

the vascular cambium produces secondary xylem and secondary phloem

true

bees are commonly used to aid in cross-pollination

true

the stamen is the male reproductive organ of a flower

true

a fruits primary function is to aid in the dispersal of seeds to help ensure the plants reproduction

true

why are annual growth rings visible in many woody plants

secondary xylem is produced each growing season

which statement best summarizes the function of meristems

they generate new cells that allow plants to grow and develop

fruit set depends on successful:

pollination and fertilization

vascular cambium is location between the:

xylem abd phloem

the primary purpose of fertilization is to:

produce a zygote

primary growth occurs because of activity in the:

apical meristem

which structure protects the root apical merits, as it grows through soil

root cap

why is cross-pollination encouraged in many fruit crops

it often improves fruit set and yield

which process is especially important for flowering in many temperate crops

vernalization

which process usually occurs during fruit ripening

pigment synthesis

C4 plants thrive better in high temperatures compared to C3 plants

true

ATP and NADPH are products of the Calvin cycle

false

the CAM pathway is highly efficient in energy production but requires high water availability

false

the Calvin cycle is a light-dependent reaction

false

photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts

true

the light-dependent reactions occur in the:

thylakoid membranes