Endocrine Disorders Vocabulary

Vocabulary flashcards covering various endocrine disorders, including affected glands, hormones involved, symptoms, and treatments.

Hypo-

A prefix indicating an under secretion of a hormone in endocrine disorders.

Hypothyroidism

An endocrine disorder involving the thyroid, anterior pituitary, or hypothalamus caused by an under secretion of TRH, TSH, or T3/T4, with possible symptoms including goiter (enlarged thyroid), low metabolic rate, and myxedema, treated with hormone replacement.

Hyperthyroidism

An endocrine disorder involving the thyroid, anterior pituitary, or hypothalamus caused by an over secretion of TRH, TSH, or T3/T4, with possible symptoms including exopthalmic goiter (bug eye), elevated metabolic rate, and nervousness, treated with surgery.

Diabetes Insipidus

An endocrine disorder involving the posterior pituitary or hypothalamus caused by an undersecretion of ADH, with possible symptoms including frequent urination and dehydration, treated with vasopressin administration.

Diabetes Mellitus Type I (Insulin dependent)

An endocrine disorder involving the pancreatic islets where insulin is not secreted, with possible symptoms including polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia, treated with insulin injections.

Diabetes Mellitus Type II (Insulin resistant)

An endocrine disorder where pancreatic islets are functional but target cell receptors are not recognizing the insulin (insulin not recognized), with possible symptoms including polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia, treated with diet and exercise.

Hypoparathyroidism

An endocrine disorder involving the Parathyroid Gland caused by an under secretion of PTH, with possible symptoms including improper muscle and nervous activity, treated with hormone replacement and calcium supplement.

Hyperparathyroidism

An endocrine disorder involving the Parathyroid Gland caused by an over secretion of PTH, with possible symptoms including brittle bones, treated with surgery.

Gigantism

An endocrine disorder involving the anterior pituitary or hypothalamus caused by an over secretion during childhood of GH or GHRH, with possible symptoms including large stature, treated with surgery.

Dwarfism

An endocrine disorder involving the anterior pituitary or hypothalamus caused by an under secretion during childhood of GH or GHRH, with possible symptoms including short stature, treated with GH replacement.

Acromegaly

An endocrine disorder involving the anterior pituitary or hypothalamus caused by an over secretion in adulthood of GH or GHRH, with possible symptoms including large stature and large extremities, treated with surgery.

Addison's Disease

An endocrine disorder involving the adrenal cortex, anterior pituitary, or hypothalamus caused by an under secretion of cortisol, ACTH, or CRH, with possible symptoms including weight loss, salt cravings, and bronze skin, treated with hormone replacement.

Cushing's Syndrome

An endocrine disorder involving the adrenal cortex, anterior pituitary, or hypothalamus caused by an over secretion of cortisol, ACTH, or CRH, with possible symptoms including buffalo hump, excessive hair growth, and swelling, treated with surgery.