Overview of Psychological Disorders and Classifications

Psychological Disorder

Behavior deviates from societal norms and causes distress.

Maladaptive Behavior

Dysfunctional actions leading to distress or disability.

DSM

Manual for clinical diagnosis of psychological disorders.

Labeling Theory

Diagnosis labels individuals as deviant by society.

Rosenhan Study

Faked schizophrenia symptoms to study psychiatric hospitals.

Anxiety Disorders

Intense, frequent, or continuous feelings of anxiety.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Chronic, excessive anxiety without specific triggers.

Panic Disorder

Extreme fear attacks disproportionate to situations.

Phobia

Irrational fear of specific objects or situations.

Social Anxiety Disorder

Intense fear of social or performance situations.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

Recurrent obsessions and compulsions causing distress.

Obsessions

Persistent, intrusive thoughts causing anxiety.

Compulsions

Behaviors performed to reduce anxiety from obsessions.

Major Depressive Disorder

Extreme sadness and hopelessness without clear triggers.

Bipolar Disorder

Extreme mood swings between depression and mania.

Mania

Period of abnormally euphoric mood and high energy.

Schizophrenia

Severe disorder affecting thought, emotion, and perception.

Psychotic Symptoms

Out of touch with reality, including delusions and hallucinations.

Delusions

Strongly held beliefs with no basis in reality.

Hallucinations

Sensory perceptions without external stimuli present.

Disorganized Speech

Incoherent speech skipping between unrelated topics.

Catatonic Symptoms

Motor problems associated with severe psychological disorders.

Dissociative Disorders

Disruptions in consciousness and identity perception.

Dissociative Identity Disorder

Presence of two or more distinct personalities.

Personality Disorders

Inflexible traits causing dysfunction across situations.

Borderline Personality Disorder

Extreme mood variability and fear of abandonment.

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Grandiose self-importance and need for admiration.