Hematologic System Pharmacology Flashcards

Flashcards for Hematologic System Study Guide

ferrous sulfate/Feosol

Iron Preparation used for anemia; adverse reactions include toxicity (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, acidosis, shock) and constipation; nursing considerations include using a straw to prevent teeth staining and administering Desferal for toxicity.

iron dextran/INFeD

Iron Preparation used for anemia; adverse reactions include GI upset and hypersensitivity; nursing considerations include administering a test dose and giving IM with Z track technique.

cyanocobalamin/Nascobal

Vitamin B12 used for pernicious anemia; adverse reactions include diarrhea and hypokalemia; nursing considerations include monitoring for signs of hypokalemia (muscle cramps).

folic acid\Folacin

Vitamin antianemic used for megaloblastic anemia; adverse reactions include warmth/flushing with IV infusion; nursing considerations include monitoring reticulocyte count, cbc, rbc, hct, hgb, and avoiding alcohol.

factor VIII/Advate

Antihemophilic agent used for hemophilia; adverse reactions include anaphylaxis, hives, fever, and itching; nursing considerations include having emergency equipment ready.

recombinant Factor IX/BeneFix

Antihemophilic agent used for hemophilia B; adverse reactions include anaphylaxis; safer than Factor IX and prevents the risk of transmitting Creutzfeldt- Jacob disease.

desmopressin/DDVAP

Antidiuretic hormone used for hemophilia; adverse reactions include fluid retention and edema; nursing considerations include monitoring I & O and sodium levels.

warfarin/Coumadin

Anticoagulant, Vitamin K inhibitor used to prevent thrombi; adverse reactions include bleeding and toxicity; nursing considerations include monitoring PT/INR (keep INR 2-3) and keeping Vit K on hand for antidote use.

enoxaparin/Lovenox

Thrombin inhibitor used to prevent thrombi (DVT prophylaxis); adverse reactions include bleeding; nursing considerations include giving deep Subcut. At least 2 in. from umbilicus.

aspirin/Ecotrin

Antiplatelet used for thrombi; adverse reactions include bleeding; nursing considerations include monitoring for bleeding and caution with liver/kidney disease, Reye’s.

clopidogrel/Plavix

Antiplatelet used for thrombi; adverse reactions include gastric bleeding and thrombocytopenic purpura; nursing considerations include monitoring for bleeding gums, petechiae, bruising, and platelet count.

alteplase/Activase

Thrombolytic-“Clot Buster” used to breakdown existing clots, pulmonary emboli; adverse reactions include intracranial bleeding; nursing considerations include monitoring for headache, LOC, one sided weakness, Use Amicar if pt bleeds too much.

epoetin alpha/Epogen or Procrit

Erythropoietic growth factor used for hematopoiesis, increasing production of rbc’s; adverse reactions include hypertension; nursing considerations include giving subcut and monitoring BP.

filgrastim/Neupogen

Leukopoietic growth factor used for hematopoiesis, increasing production of neutrophils (patients on chemotherapy or bone marrow transplant); adverse reactions include enlarged spleen and leukocytosis; nursing considerations include reporting abd pain.

oprelvekin/Neumega

Thrombopoietic growth factor used for thrombocytopenia, increasing platelet production; adverse reactions include conjunctivitis, blurred vision, fluid retention, palpitations, cardiac dysrhythmias, dizziness; nursing considerations include monitoring vision and ck for edema.

Heparin/Heparin

Anticoagulant (short duration of action) used for thromboembolic disorders to prevent existing clots from getting larger, prevents new clots from forming; adverse reactions include bleeding; nursing considerations include monitoring aPTT (60-80 sec) before each dose - antidote protamine sulfate.