History

Immigrants settled in the

Mostly cities, where factories offered jobs and immigrant communities formed

Invented the skyscraper

Louis Sullivan, architect known as the father of the skyscraper

First salaried baseball team

Cincinnati Red Stockings, first fully professional team

Gilded Age

A time that looked wealthy on the surface but had corruption, poverty, and inequality underneath

Cause of increased crime in late 1800s

Overcrowding, poverty, unemployment, and weak policing

Immigrant island (East Coast)

Ellis Island, main immigration processing center

Coney Island

Famous New York amusement park with early rides and entertainment

“Separate but equal” court case

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

Women’s Rights activist (Progressive Era)

Susan B. Anthony or Alice Paul

Prohibition

Nationwide ban on alcohol from 1920–1933

Square Deal

Theodore Roosevelt’s policy of fairness: trust-busting, consumer protection, conservation

Meat Inspection Act

Required federal inspection of meatpacking plants

Pure Food and Drug Act

Required accurate labeling and banned harmful products

Nativism

Belief that native-born Americans are superior

Imperialism

Strong nations controlling weaker nations for power or resources

Open Door Policy

U.S. policy allowing equal trade access in China

Progressivism

Reform movement fixing problems from industrialization

19th Amendment

Gave women the right to vote (1920)

ICC Act

Regulated railroad rates and practices

Winner of 1912 election

Woodrow Wilson

Author of The Jungle

Upton Sinclair

Speakeasy

Secret illegal bar during Prohibition

Trench foot

Infection caused by standing in wet, cold trenches

Catalyst of WWI

Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

MANIA

Militarism, Alliances, Nationalism, Imperialism, Assassination

Contraband

Illegal goods during wartime

Doughboys

Nickname for American WWI soldiers

Cost of living

Cost of basic needs like food, housing, clothing

Black Tuesday

October 29, 1929 stock market crash

Nationalism

Extreme pride in one’s nation

Victory gardens

Home gardens grown to support war efforts

Trench warfare

Fighting from trenches with stalemates and harsh conditions

Creator of Square Deal

Theodore Roosevelt

Taft Progressive reform

Trust-busting monopolies

Temperance

Movement encouraging no alcohol

Suffrage

Right to vote

Panama Canal

Shortcut between Atlantic and Pacific Oceans

Yellow journalism

Exaggerated news to influence opinions

Segregation

Forced separation of races

Jim Crow laws

Segregation in schools, buses, bathrooms, restaurants, water fountains

Tenements

Crowded, unsafe apartment buildings

Angel Island immigrants

Asian immigrants, especially Chinese

Louis Sullivan

Architect of early skyscrapers

Steerage

Cheapest, worst area on immigrant ships

Fattest president

William Howard Taft, stuck in a bathtub

Propaganda

Biased media used to persuade people

Treaty of Versailles

Ended WWI and punished Germany

Hoovervilles

Shantytowns during the Great Depression

Dust Bowl

Severe drought and dust storms in the 1930s

Walt Disney

Animator who created Mickey Mouse and Disneyland

Ethnic groups

People sharing culture, language, or ancestry

Poll tax

Fee to vote used to suppress Black voters

Soap operas name origin

Sponsored by soap companies

Flappers

1920s women challenging traditional roles

Fascism

Dictatorship with extreme nationalism

Concentration camps

Nazi camps for imprisonment and death

Mein Kampf

Hitler’s book explaining Nazi ideology

Italian dictator

Benito Mussolini

Arbeit Macht Frei

“Work sets you free” over Auschwitz gate

Kristallnacht

1938 Nazi attack on Jewish businesses

Winston Churchill

Prime Minister of the UK during WWII

Holocaust

Nazi genocide of 6 million Jews

Nuremberg Laws

Laws stripping Jews of rights

Gestapo

Nazi secret police

People hiding with Anne Frank

Van Pels family and Fritz Pfeffer

First attic scare

Burglar/noise downstairs

Why Anne liked the attic

Quiet, freedom, view of sky

Sit-ins

Nonviolent lunch counter protests

Malcolm X

Civil rights leader supporting self-defense

NAACP

Organization fighting for civil rights through law

New Deal creator

Franklin D. Roosevelt

Hobos

Homeless travelers during the Depression

Good 2020 stock investment

Tech companies like Apple or Amazon

Bread lines

Lines for free food during Depression

KKK

Violent white supremacist group

Harlem Renaissance

Black cultural movement of the 1920s

Blitzkrieg

Fast German “lightning war” tactic

Perfect race (Nazi belief)

Aryan race

Famous dictators

Hitler, Mussolini, Stalin

Russian dictator

Joseph Stalin

Who Hitler blamed

Jews, communists, Treaty of Versailles

Jewish identification

Yellow Star of David

Hitler wedding gifts

Copies of Mein Kampf

Genocide

Intentional destruction of a group

Final Solution

Nazi plan to kill all Jews

Anne Frank diary

The Diary of a Young Girl

Margot Frank

Anne’s older sister

What happened to Anne

Arrested and died in a concentration camp

Only attic survivor

Otto Frank

“Weapon of love” quote

Martin Luther King Jr.

Racism

Discrimination based on race

Bloody Sunday

Selma, Alabama

Malcolm X vs MLK

Self-defense vs nonviolent resistance

Emmett Till

Murdered teen who sparked Civil Rights Movement

Birmingham Kids March

1963 protest using children

Freedom Riders

Activists challenging bus segregation