General Chemistry I: Common Cations, Anions, and Related Acids

Vocabulary practice flashcards generated from General Chemistry I recitation tables covering common monoatomic and polyatomic cations, anions, charges, formulas, and their corresponding acids.

Hydrogen ion

A cation with the chemical formula $H^+$ and a charge of $1+$

Ammonium ion

A polyatomic cation with the chemical formula $NH_4^+$ and a charge of $1+$

Lithium ion

A cation with the chemical formula $Li^+$ and a charge of $1+$

Copper(I) ion

Also known as cuprous ion; a cation with the chemical formula $Cu^+$ and a charge of $1+$

Sodium ion

A cation with the chemical formula $Na^+$ and a charge of $1+$

Potassium ion

A cation with the chemical formula $K^+$ and a charge of $1+$

Cesium ion

A cation with the chemical formula $Cs^+$ and a charge of $1+$

Silver ion

A cation with the chemical formula $Ag^+$ and a charge of $1+$

Magnesium ion

A cation with the chemical formula $Mg^{2+}$ and a charge of $2+$

Cobalt(II) ion

Also known as cobaltous ion; a cation with the chemical formula $Co^{2+}$ and a charge of $2+$

Calcium ion

A cation with the chemical formula $Ca^{2+}$ and a charge of $2+$

Copper(II) ion

Also known as cupric ion; a cation with the chemical formula $Cu^{2+}$ and a charge of $2+$

Strontium ion

A cation with the chemical formula $Sr^{2+}$ and a charge of $2+$

Iron(II) ion

Also known as ferrous ion; a cation with the chemical formula $Fe^{2+}$ and a charge of $2+$

Barium ion

A cation with the chemical formula $Ba^{2+}$ and a charge of $2+$

Manganese(II) ion

Also known as manganous ion; a cation with the chemical formula $Mn^{2+}$ and a charge of $2+$

Zinc ion

A cation with the chemical formula $Zn^{2+}$ and a charge of $2+$

Mercury(I) ion

Also known as mercurous ion; a polyatomic cation with the chemical formula $Hg_2^{2+}$ and a charge of $2+$

Cadmium ion

A cation with the chemical formula $Cd^{2+}$ and a charge of $2+$

Mercury(II) ion

Also known as mercuric ion; a cation with the chemical formula $Hg^{2+}$ and a charge of $2+$

Nickel(II) ion

Also known as nickelous ion; a cation with the chemical formula $Ni^{2+}$ and a charge of $2+$

Lead(II) ion

Also known as plumbous ion; a cation with the chemical formula $Pb^{2+}$ and a charge of $2+$

Tin(II) ion

Also known as stannous ion; a cation with the chemical formula $Sn^{2+}$ and a charge of $2+$

Aluminum ion

A cation with the chemical formula $Al^{3+}$ and a charge of $3+$

Chromium(III) ion

Also known as chromic ion; a cation with the chemical formula $Cr^{3+}$ and a charge of $3+$

Iron(III) ion

Also known as ferric ion; a cation with the chemical formula $Fe^{3+}$ and a charge of $3+$

Hydride ion

An anion with the chemical formula $H^-$ and a charge of $1-$

Acetate ion

A polyatomic anion with the formula $CH_3COO^-$ (or $C_2H_3O_2^-$) and a charge of $1-$; corresponds to acetic acid ($CH_3COOH$)

Fluoride ion

An anion with the chemical formula $F^-$ and a charge of $1-$

Chlorate ion

A polyatomic anion with the chemical formula $ClO_3^-$ and a charge of $1-$

Chloride ion

An anion with the chemical formula $Cl^-$ and a charge of $1-$

Perchlorate ion

A polyatomic anion with the chemical formula $ClO_4^-$ and a charge of $1-$

Bromide ion

An anion with the chemical formula $Br^-$ and a charge of $1-$

Nitrate ion

A polyatomic anion with the chemical formula $NO_3^-$ and a charge of $1-$; corresponds to nitric acid ($HNO_3$)

Iodide ion

An anion with the chemical formula $I^-$ and a charge of $1-$

Permanganate ion

A polyatomic anion with the chemical formula $MnO_4^-$ and a charge of $1-$

Cyanide ion

A polyatomic anion with the chemical formula $CN^-$ and a charge of $1-$; corresponds to hydrocyanic acid ($HCN$)

Hydroxide ion

A polyatomic anion with the chemical formula $OH^-$ and a charge of $1-$

Oxide ion

An anion with the chemical formula $O^{2-}$ and a charge of $2-$

Carbonate ion

A polyatomic anion with the chemical formula $CO_3^{2-}$ and a charge of $2-$; corresponds to carbonic acid ($H_2CO_3$)

Peroxide ion

A polyatomic anion with the chemical formula $O_2^{2-}$ and a charge of $2-$

Chromate ion

A polyatomic anion with the chemical formula $CrO_4^{2-}$ and a charge of $2-$

Sulfide ion

An anion with the chemical formula $S^{2-}$ and a charge of $2-$

Dichromate ion

A polyatomic anion with the chemical formula $Cr_2O_7^{2-}$ and a charge of $2-$

Sulfate ion

A polyatomic anion with the chemical formula $SO_4^{2-}$ and a charge of $2-$; corresponds to sulfuric acid ($H_2SO_4$)

Nitride ion

An anion with the chemical formula $N^{3-}$ and a charge of $3-$

Phosphate ion

A polyatomic anion with the chemical formula $PO_4^{3-}$ and a charge of $3-$

Hydronium ion

A polyatomic cation with the chemical formula $H_3O^+$

Azide ion

A polyatomic anion with the chemical formula $N_3^-$; corresponds to hydrazoic acid ($HN_3$)

Bicarbonate ion

A polyatomic anion with the chemical formula $HCO_3^-$

Nitrite ion

A polyatomic anion with the chemical formula $NO_2^-$; corresponds to nitrous acid ($HNO_2$)

Hydrogen sulfate ion

A polyatomic anion with the chemical formula $HSO_4^-$

Acetic acid

An acid with the chemical formula $CH_3COOH$ related to the acetate ion ($CH_3COO^-$)

Hydrocyanic acid

An acid with the chemical formula $HCN$ related to the cyanide ion ($CN^-$)

Hydrazoic acid

An acid with the chemical formula $HN_3$ related to the azide ion ($N_3^-$)

Carbonic acid

An acid with the chemical formula $H_2CO_3$ related to the carbonate ion ($CO_3^{2-}$)

Nitric acid

An acid with the chemical formula $HNO_3$ related to the nitrate ion ($NO_3^-$)

Nitrous acid

An acid with the chemical formula $HNO_2$ related to the nitrite ion ($NO_2^-$)

Sulfuric acid

An acid with the chemical formula $H_2SO_4$ related to the sulfate ion ($SO_4^{2-}$)