System of Checks & Balances and Federalism

A collection of vocabulary flashcards focusing on the concepts of checks and balances, separation of powers, and federalism derived from the lecture notes.

Checks and Balances

A system that ensures that no one branch of government becomes too powerful by allowing each branch to limit the powers of the others.

Separation of Powers

The division of government responsibilities into distinct branches to limit any one branch from exercising the core functions of another.

Veto

The constitutional right of one branch of government to reject a decision or proposal made by another branch.

Federalism

A system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units, such as states.

Powers Delegated to National Government

Authorities granted specifically to the national government, including declaring war and regulating foreign trade.

Powers Reserved to States

Powers that are not specifically granted to the federal government and are reserved for the states, like conducting elections and establishing schools.

Examples of Checks by the Executive Branch

The President can veto legislation passed by Congress, effectively checking its power.

Examples of Checks by the Legislative Branch

Congress can override a presidential veto with a two-thirds vote in both houses.

Examples of Checks by the Judicial Branch

The courts can rule that laws passed by Congress or actions taken by the President are unconstitutional.

Purpose of the Federal System

To prevent the concentration of power that could lead to tyranny while accommodating the need for a strong national government.

National Government Powers

Includes powers such as declaring war, maintaining armed forces, and regulating interstate commerce.

State Government Powers

Includes responsibilities like establishing local governments, conducting elections, and providing for public welfare.

Advantages of a Common Market

1. Economic efficiency 2. Increased trade 3. Higher quality goods for consumers.

Federalism's Role

Federalism works to balance the interests of different levels of government, allowing for both national and state governance.

Tyranny

Oppressive power exerted by a government or its representatives.