Poetry I+II (copy)

Stanzas

stanzas are identified on the basis of the number of lines of verse they contain

key features of poetic texts

-musical quality, intentional sound patterns

-high density, shortness

-deviation from everyday language - literariness

Musical quality

Degree of verbal patterning

Lines, stanzas

Features of poetic texts

couplet

paired lines of verse (2)

heroic couplet

paired lines of verse written in iambic pentameter

tercet

three lines of verse

Quatrain

four lines of verse

Quintet

five lines of verse

Sestet

six lines of verse

septet

seven lines of verse

octet

eight lines of verse

metre

pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables

Iamb (iambic)

xX

Trochee (trochaic)

Xx

Dactyl (dactylic)

Xxx

Anapest (anapestic)

xxX

Spondee (spondaic)

XX

Free verse

no regular meter

number of stressed syllables per line: 1

monometer

number of stressed syllables per line: 2

dimeter

number of stressed syllables per line: 3

trimeter

number of stressed syllables per line: 4

tetrameter

number of stressed syllables per line: 5

pentameter

number of stressed syllables per line: 6

hexameter

number of stressed syllables per line: 7

heptameter

number of stressed syllables per line: 8

octameter

Basic distinctions of rhyme according to position

end rhyme or internal rhyme (mid-line)

Rhyming couplet

aa bb

alternate rhyme

abab cdcd

envelope rhyme

abba cddc

tail rhyme

aab ccb

masculine rhyme

A rhyme ending on the final stressed syllable, example: keep/deep

feminine rhyme

a rhyme that contains a stressed syllable followed by an unstressed syllable, example: Bitter/Litter

triple rhyme

rhyme with three syllables, example: beautiful/dutiful

identical rhyme

rhyme created by the repetition of a word

eye rhyme

rhyme that appears correct from spelling but does not rhyme because of pronunciation, example: alone/gone

half rhyme

imperfect, approximate rhyme, example: stopped/wept

Lyric poetry

usually short, focus on feelings and consciousness of the speaker, not much external action

Subgenres of lyric poetry

sonnet, ode, elegy

narrative poetry

much longer than lyric poetry, emphasis on narrative content , much external action, epic scope

Subgenre narrative poetry

ballad

dramatic poetry

verse forms that adopt conventions of drama, usually consisting of the monologue of a clearly identified character

subgenre of dramatic poetry

dramatic monologue