Community Health - Cultural Influences on Health Care

Cultural competence is

Ability of care provider to interact with clients who are different than them

Cultural competence involves

Awareness of one owns biases

Cultural sensitivity is

Being aware that cultural differences exist that affect values, learning, and behaviour

Race is

Classification of humans based on physical characteristics

Heredity is

Passing of genes from one generation to another

Ethnicity is

Cultural + social heritage + traditions of minority groups within primary racial divisions

Culture is

Characteristics + beliefs of a particular social, ethnic, or age group

Subculture is

Formed by group of people who develop interests / goals different from primary culture

Humanism is

Right of all humans to have needs satisfied

Dignity / worth of individuals

Stereotyping is

Erroneous behaviour of assuming a person has traits because they are a member of particular group

Ethnocentrism is

Believing ones culture is superior to others

Prejudice is

Opinion formed beforehand

Unfavourable based on inadequate facts

Discrimination is

Treatment based on class rather than individual merit

Racism is

Belief that race accounts for differences in human that a particular race is superior

Health inequalities are

Differences in health status among different populations of groups

What is a major contributor to health disparities?

Poverty

Contributors to poverty are

Lack of transportation

Homelessness

Low literacy

Low level of education

Health literacy is

Ability to understand health disease and how healthcare system works

Holism is

Individual is more than a sum of parts

Holistic practitioners show

Concern for and intrest in all dimensions of individual

Beliefs of holistic health care are

Concern

Caring

Prevention

Body + mind

Body dynamic w fields of energy

Reiki is

Energy fields

1st factor to influence access to care is

Influences of race or ethnicity on individuals perception of given illness

2nd factor to influence access to care is

Decision to seek health care

Barriers to obtaining dental care are

Age

Language

Culture

Transport

Financial

Fear

Factors that inhibit communication are

Defensive

Asking why

Approval / disapproval

False reassurance

Maximizing effect of cross cultural communication is

Communicating

Use interpreter if language is barrier

Use of gestures, eye contact

Shared decision making in cross cultural settings are

Collectivist culture

Individualistic culture

Collectivist culture is

Group viewed as fundamental unit of society

Individualistic culture is

Views of single person as central, autonomy and self determination being essential to medical + dental care

Characteristics of individual + collective cultures are

Goals

Responsibilities

Work values

Communication

Verbal communication skills are

Therapeutic techniques

Motivational intervening

LEARN model

ETHNIC model

Non verbal communication skills are

Eye contact

Distancing

Cultural blind spot syndrome is

Belief that there are NO cultural differences / potential barriers

ADPIED

Assess

Diagnosis

Planning

Implementation

Evaluation

Documentation

Assess, diagnosis, and planning in cross cultural environment involves

Complete evaluation of client condition, beliefs, values

Implementation in cross cultural environment are

Interventions must respect with cultural values

Emulation in cross cultural environment are

Critical to complete + record all info