BIOL 300 Discussion 6: DNA Replication

What is Processivity?

How many nucleotides are incorporated into the daughter strand without polymerase falling off.

What is Fidelity in DNA Polymerase?

How accurate the polymerase incorporates base pairs.

What does mode DNA Polymerase 3 alternate between?

It alternates between Catalyzing DNA from 5 to 3 and Editing DNA from 3 to 5

What does the Dipolymerase Replication Model show?

Two identical polymerase-protein complexes that synthesizes both strands at the replication fork.

What is the function of DNA Helicase?

Uses ATP in order to unwind DNA by melting the Hydrogen Bonds from the base pairs

What is the function of DNA Gyrase?

Releases the strain on DNA Molecule

What is the function of Single Stranded Binding Proteins? (SSBP)

Ensures that Single Stranded Lagging Strand DNA does not re-anneal

What is the function of DNA Primase?

Synthesizes primer which provides the 3' OH to the polymerase

What is the function of DNA Polymerase 3

Synthesizes most of the DNA

What is the function of DNA Polymerase 1

Removes the primer and has exonuclease activity

What is the function of DNA Ligase

Seals Okazaki Fragments

What occurs during the Leading Strand?

Nucleotides are being added continuously without pause from the 5' to 3' end

What occurs during the Lagging Strand?

Nucleotides are being added with pause discontinuously from the 5' to 3' end

What is Semiconservative Replication?

2 copies of DNA are produced from replication with one strand coming from an original strand.

What are Plasmids?

A small circular, dsDNA molecule

What are Episomes?

A plasmid that integrates itself into the host chromosome.

Are all plasmids episomes?

No, but all episomes are plasmids.

Function of Pili in conjugation?

Initiates conjugation, but disassembles as cells are brought into contact

Function of transfer tube in during conjugation?

Formed after the Pili has been disassembled after Pili initiation.

What is Agrobacterium?

It is a bacterial species that causes tumor formation within plants.

What are Opines?

They are synthesized by the plant to give the bacteria a source of Nitrogen and Carbon