paper 2 gcse pe keywords

ability

Inherited traits that determine an individual’s potential to learn a skill.

aggression

A intent to harm another person, which can be physical or mental

anabolic steroids

Artificially produced male hormones mimicking testosterone. They promote muscle and bone growth and reduce recovery time.

arousal

A physical and mental state of alertness, varying from deep sleep to intense excitement.

beta blockers

Drugs that are used to steady nerves by controlling heart rate. They have a calming and relaxing effect.

blood doping

A technique to increase the amount of red blood cells in the body. This involves red blood cells being:

• removed

• frozen and stored

• thawed and reinjected (after the body has replenished the lost red blood cells).

body composition

The percentage of body weight which is fat and non-fat

calorie

A unit which measures heat or energy production in the body

Commercialisation

making a profit from sport

contract to compete

Unwritten agreement to follow and abide by the written and unwritten rules

diuretic drugs

Drugs that remove fluid from the body, elevating the rate of bodily urine excretion

Erythropoietin (EPO)

A type of peptide hormone that increases the red blood cell count.

etiquette

A convention or unwritten rule in an activity

extrinsic feedback

Received from outside of the performer

extrinsic motivation

The drive to perform well or to win in order to gain external rewards

extrovert

Sociable, out-going personality type

gamesmanship

Attempting to gain an advantage by bending the rules to their limit

health

A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being

hooliganism

Disorderly, aggressive and often violent behaviour by spectators at sporting events.

home ground advantage

Gaining an advantage in a sporting event from being in familiar surroundings

indirect agression

The aggression is taken out on an object and does not involve physical contact

intrinsic feedback

Feedback received via receptors in the muscles

intrinsic motivation

The drive that comes from within

introvert

a quiet and reserved personality type

media

Diversified technologies which act as the main means of mass communication

mental health and wellbeing

an individual who can cope with the stresses of life and work productively

minerals

Inorganic substances which assist the body with many of its functions

motivation

the drive to succeed

Narcotic analgesics

Drugs that can be used to reduce the feeling of pain.

obese

BMI over 30

peptide hormones

Drugs that stimulate the production of naturally occurring hormones

physical health and wellbeing

All body systems working well, free from illness and injury

Sedentary lifestyle

A lifestyle with irregular or no physical activity.

Serotonin

Feel-good hormone released during exercise

skill

a learned behaviour

basic skill

there are very few decisions to be made when performing the skill.

complex skill

A skill which requires alot of decision making,

open skill

a skill performed in a changing environment

closed skill

a skill not effected by the environment and tends to be done the same each time

self paced skill

the performer decides when to start the skill

externally paced skill

the skill is started because of an external factor

gross skill

using large muscle groups to carry out the movement

fine skill

small and precise movements

social health and wellbeing

Basic human needs are being met (food, shelter and clothing)

ectomorph

A somatotype characterised by being tall and thin. Individuals with narrow shoulders and narrow hips.

endomorph

A somatotype, characterised by a pear shaped body/fatness. Individuals with wide hips and narrow shoulders

mesomorph

A somatotype, characterised by a muscular appearance. Individuals with wide shoulders and narrow hips.

sponsorship

Provision of funds or other forms of support to an individual or event in return for some commercial return.

sportsmanship

Conforming to the rules, spirit and etiquette of a sport

stimulants

a drug that increases alertness

vitamins

Organic substances that are required for many essential processes in the body

wellbeing

the state of being comfortable, healthy, or happy.