Physics- End of Year 10 Mocks

kinetic energy

joules

mass

kg

speed

metres/second

elastic potential energy

joules

gravitational field strength

Newtons per kilogram

height

metres

change in thermal energy

joules

specific heat capacity

joules per kilogram per degree Celsius

temperature change

degrees Celsius

power

watts

energy transferred

joules

work done

joules

current

amps

potential difference

volts

resistance

ohms

time

seconds

density

kilograms per meter cubed

specific latent heat

joules per kilogram

pressure

pascals

volume

metres cubed

force

newtons

spring constant

newtons per metre

acceleration

meters per second squared

period

seconds

wave speed

meters per second

frequency

hertz

live wire

brown wire, 230volts that provides alternative potential difference from the mains electricity supply

neutral wire

blue, 0 volts that completes the circuit by carrying current away from the appliance.

earth wire

green and yellow stripes, only carried current if there is a fault so stops appliance becoming live

power supply energy transfer

energy in the chemical store is decreased and transferred away by electricity

surroundings energy transfer

energy in the thermal store increases and is transferred by sound and heating

walking speed

1.5m/s

running speed

3m/s

cycling speed

6m/s

car speed

25m/s

train speed

55m/s

plane speed

250m/s

sound in air speed

330m/s

state newtons first law

an object at rest will stay at rest and a moving object will continue to move at a constant velocity if there is no external resultant force acting on the object

state newtons second law

an object with a resultant force applied to it will undergo a change in speed or a change in direction, if it is in the direction of motion it will accelerate, if it is in the opposite direction it will decelerate

current in a parallel circuit

total current in the circuit is the sum of the currents in each separate branch

potential difference in a parallel circuit

potential difference across all component is the same

resistance in a parallel circuit

total resistance of components is less than individual resistances

current in series circuit

current is the same through all components

potential difference in series circuit

total potential difference is the sum of potential difference in each cell

resistance in series circuit

total resistance of components is the sum of resistance of each component

thermistor

hot- low resistance, cold-high resistance

LDR

bright- low resistance, dark-high resistance

diode

only lets current go in one direction